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Archdiocese of Lima

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Archdiocese of Lima
Archidioecesis Limana
Cathedral Basilica of St. John the Apostle and Evangelist
Cathedral Basilica of St. John the Apostle and Evangelist
Location
Country Peru
Ecclesiastical province Lima
Statistics
Area 639 km2 (247 sq mi)
Population
Total
Catholics 		(as of 2021)
3,582,000
3,224,000 (90%)
Parishes 125
Information
Denomination Catholic Church
Rite Roman Rite
Established 14 May 1541 (485 years ago)
Cathedral Catedral Basílica San Juan Apóstol y Evangelista
Current leadership
Pope Leo XIV
Metropolitan Archbishop Carlos Castillo Mattasoglio
Auxiliary Bishops Ricardo Augusto Rodríguez Álvarez
Guillermo Teodoro Elías Millares
Juan José Salaverry Villarreal
Guillermo Antonio Cornejo Monzón
Bishops emeritus Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne
Adriano Tomasi Travaglia
Map
Website
www.arzobispadodelima.org

Archdiocese of Lima — The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lima (Latin: Archidioecesis Limana) is part of the Catholic Church in Peru which enjoys full communion with the Holy See. The Archdiocese was founded as the Diocese of Lima on 14 May 1541. The diocese was raised to the level of a metropolitan archdiocese by Pope Paul III on 12 February 1546. One of its archbishops was the saint Torribio Mogrovejo.[1]

The suffragan dioceses are: Callao, Carabayllo, Chosica, Huacho, Ica, Lurín, and (Territorial Prelature) Yauyos. From 1999 to 2019 the Archbishop of Lima was Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne, made Cardinal in 2001. The Archbishop's Palace of Lima is the headquarters of the archdiocese.

History

The Diocese of Lima (or City of Kings) was erected on May 14, 1541, by Pope Paul III, obtaining the territory of the then Diocese of Cuzco. It was originally a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Seville. The first Bishop of Lima was Jerónimo de Loayza, who was elected on May 13, 1541. In 1535, construction began on the Lima Metropolitan Cathedral as the main church. On January 8, 1546, it ceded a portion of its territory for the establishment of the then Diocese of Quito through the Militantis Ecclesiae of Pope Paul III.

On February 12, 1546, it was elevated to the rank of metropolitan archdiocese by Pope Paul III. The original ecclesiastical province (which at one point in its history became the largest in the world) included all the dioceses of the Spanish possessions on the Pacific coast of America in the Viceroyalty of Peru, namely: the dioceses of Nicaragua, Panama, Quito, and, to which the diocese of Popayán was added in August of the same year. Fray Gerónimo de Loayza González automatically became its first archbishop. On June 27, 1561, another portion of territory was ceded for the erection of the then Diocese of Santiago de Chile by Pope Pius IV.

In 1572, Pope Pius V granted the archbishops of Lima the title of Primates of Peru, which was later confirmed by Pope Gregory XVI in 1834. [Source?] On April 15, 1577, he ceded new portions of territory for the establishment of the then Diocese of Trujillo through Pope Gregory XIII.

On December 7, 1590, the saintly Archbishop Turibius of Mogrovejo established the first seminary on the American continent in Lima, which today bears his name. On October 19, 1625, the present, Lima Metropolitan Cathedral was consecrated.

In the report from the Viceroy of Peru, José Antonio Manso de Velasco, to his successor dated August 23, 1761, he indicated that the archdiocese had a population of 102,153 in the 15 provinces that then comprised it. It had 161 curacies, of which 14 were Spanish parishes.

On April 29, 1967, he ceded new portions of his territory for the establishment of the Diocese of Callao by the bull Aptiorem Ecclesiarum of Pope Paul VI. On March 10, 1970, the Archdiocese ceded the district of Ventanilla to the Diocese of Callao.

On October 6, 1990, with the apostolic letter Antiquissimus sane, Pope John Paul II confirmed the Blessed Virgin Mary, venerated under the title of Our Lady of Evangelization, as patron of the archdiocese. On December 14, 1996, it ceded new portions of its territory for the erection by Pope John Paul II of the dioceses of Carabayllo, Chosica, and Lurín.

Ordinaries

Diocese of Lima

Erected: 14 May 1541

Archdiocese of Lima

Elevated: 12 February 1546

Other affiliated bishops

Coadjutor archbishop

Auxiliary bishops

°Antonio Vigo, OdeM (1664–1666), did not take effect

  • Blasius de Aguinaga (1669), did not take effect
  • Nicolás de Ulloa y Hurtado de Mendoza, OSA (1677–1679), appointed Bishop of Córdoba (Tucumán), Argentina
  • Francisco Cisneros y Mendoza (1702–1724)[12]
  • Pedro Morcillo Rubio de Auñón (1724–1731), appointed Bishop of Panamá
  • Francisco Gutiérrez Galeano (1738–1745), appointed Bishop of Ayacucho o Huamanga (Guamanga)
  • Francisco Javier Luna-Pizarro y Pacheco de Chávez (1836–1845), appointed Archbishop here
  • José Manuel Pasquel y Losada (1848–1855), appointed Archbishop here
  • Francisco de Asis Orueta y Castrillón, CO (1855–1859), appointed Bishop of Trujillo (later returned here as Archbishop)
  • Pedro José Tordoya Montoya (1860–1875), appointed Bishop of Cuzco
  • Pedro Ignacio de Benavente y del Castillo (1865–1883)
  • Manuel Antonio Bandini Mazuelos (1879–1889), appointed Archbishop here
  • José María Carpenter Aponte (1891–1905)
  • Manuel Tovar y Chamorro (1891–1898), appointed Archbishop here
  • Julian Cáceres Negrón (1901–1904)
  • Segundo Ballón Manrique (1909–1923)
  • José Gregorio Castro Miranda, OFM (1917–1924)
  • Leonardo José Rodriguez Ballón, OFM (1943–1945), appointed Bishop of Huancayo
  • Federico Pérez Silva, CM (1946–1952), appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Piura
  • Fidel Mario Tubino Mongilardi (1956–1973)
  • José Antonio Dammert Bellido (1958–1962), appointed Bishop of Cajamarca
  • Mario Renato Cornejo Radavero (1961–1969)
  • Luis Armando Bambarén Gastelumendi, SJ (1967–1978), appointed Prelate of Chimbote
  • Germán Schmitz Sauerborn, MSC (1970–1990)
  • Augusto Beuzeville Ferro (1973–1990), appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Piura
  • Alberto Aurelio Brazzini Diaz-Ufano (1978–2001)
  • Alfredo Noriega Arce, SJ (1980–1993)
  • Javier Miguel Ariz Huarte, OP (1980–1995)
  • Hugo Garaycoa Hawkins (1982–1991), appointed Bishop of Tacna
  • Héctor Miguel Cabrejos Vidarte, OFM (1988–1996), appointed Bishop of Peru, Military
  • Oscar Julio Alzamora Revoredo, SM (1991–1999)
  • Norbert Klemens Strotmann Hoppe, MSC (1992–1997), appointed Bishop of Chosica
  • José Antonio Eguren Anselmi, SCV (2002–2006), appointed Archbishop of Piura
  • Carlos Enrique García Camader (2002–2006), appointed Bishop of Lurín
  • Adriano Tomasi Travaglia, OFM (2002–2019)
  • Guillermo Martín Abanto Guzmán (2009–2012), appointed Bishop of Peru, Military
  • Raúl Antonio Chau Quispe (2009–2019), appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Arequipa
  • Guillermo Teodoro Elías Millares (2019-)
  • Ricardo Augusto Rodríguez Álvarez (2019-)

Other priests of this diocese who became bishops

  • Diego Montero del Aguila, appointed Bishop of Concepción, Chile in 1708
  • Juan Manuel Moscoso y Peralta, appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Arequipa in 1770
  • José Vicente Silva Avilés y Olave Salaverría, appointed Bishop of Ayacucho o Huamanga (Guamanga) in 1815; did not take effect
  • Pedro Gutiérrez de Cos y Saavedra Seminario, appointed Bishop of Ayacucho o Huamanga (Guamanga) in 1818
  • Juan Rodríguez Reymúndez, appointed Bishop of Ayacucho o Huamanga (Guamanga) in 1838; did not take effect
  • Agustín Guillermo Charún Espinoza, appointed Bishop of Trujillo in 1853
  • Bartolomé Manuel Herrera Vélez, appointed Bishop of Arequipa in 1859
  • Juan María Ambrosio Huerta Galván, appointed Bishop of Puno in 1865
  • José Francisco Ezequiel Moreyra, appointed Bishop of Ayacucho o Huamanga (Guamanga) in 1865
  • Juan José de Polo Valenzuela, appointed Bishop of Ayacucho o Huamanga (Guamanga) in 1875
  • Manuel Santiago Medina y Bañon, appointed Bishop of Trujillo in 1889
  • Ismaele Puirredón, appointed Bishop of Puno in 1889
  • Juan Antonio Falcón Iturrizaga, appointed Bishop of Cuzco in 1893
  • Carlos Garcia Irigoyen, appointed Bishop of Trujillo in 1910
  • Salvador Piñeiro García-Calderón, appointed Bishop of Peru, Military in 2001
  • Cristóbal Bernardo Mejía Corral (priest here, 1989–1996), appointed Bishop of Chulucanas in 2020

Canonical status and jurisdiction

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lima is a metropolitan archdiocese of the Catholic Church.[13]

From the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia

Archdiocese of Lima — (Limana).

The city of Lima, in the Department of the same name, is the capital of the Republic of Peru, South America. After the conquest of the Incas in the sixteenth century, Pizarro, convinced of the necessity of a capital near the coast, chose about 600 feet above the sea level, on the right bank of the River Rimac (of which name Lima is probably a corruption), and the first stone of the cathedral in the wide plaza was laid by Pizarro, on 18 January 1535. Cuzco had been the Inca capital, and in 1534 Fray Valverde had been named Bishop of Cuzco. Lima continued to grow in importance, and in 1543 was made the see of a diocese which became an archdiocese in 1545. Its first bishop and archbishop was the Dominican Loaysa. He died in 1575 and was succeeded by St. Torribio Mogrovejo, who died of fever contracted in the forests where he was visiting and baptizing the Indians, whose language (Quichua) he had mastered. In 1551 the University of San Marcos, the first in the new world, was founded at Lima, and to this day it remains autonomous, and outside all Government influence. It is an important seat of learning, having eight faculties, including theology. In 1567 the Jesuits arrived at Lima, began founding schools and colleges, and introduced the printing press. It is of interest that the first book printed in the New World was a catechism issued from the Jesuit press at Juli on Lake Titicaca in 1577.

Owing to its commodious harbour at Callao, nine miles distant, the town of Lima developed rapidly and was the centre of the Spanish trade monopoly, which lasted until the Treaty of Utrecht (1713). Its domestic affairs followed the changing fortunes of the viceroys of Peru throughout the Colonial period (1542-1816). San Martin broke the Spanish power in 1821, and on 28 February, 1823, Riva Agüero entered upon office as first President of Peru, and took over the government of Lima.

During the war with Chile, Lima was assaulted and fell, 14 January, 1881; its national library was turned into a barrack, and many valuable books and manuscripts were destroyed or sold as waste paper. Works of art were carried off or broken by the victorious Chileans, who occupied the town for two years and nine months. After the evacuation Lima suffered from the political rivalries of Cáceres and Iglesias, and there was civil discord until the presidency of Nicolas de Piérola (1895), who in 1899 yielded the office to Eduardo Romaña, a Stonyhurst scholar, who held it until 1903. Everything now (1910) promises peace, political discussions are kept within bounds, and party government is carried on without bitterness or undue friction.

There are three ways of ways of reaching Lima from Europe or North America:

  • by sailing to Colon, crossing the Isthmus of Panama, and taking a boat from Panama to Callao;
  • via the Straits of Magellan;
  • by going to the river port of Iquitos, 2500 miles up the Amazon from the Atlantic, whence by steamer and rail, the journey to Lima is about 1200 miles.

The trade with Lima and Callao is largely in the hands of British merchants. The main exports are sugar, cotton, olives, wool, and tobacco. The city is built in parallel and cross streets, with a central plaza of which the cathedral occupies one side, and the various government buildings extend along another. At various times it has been damaged by earthquakes, the most serious being that of 1746, when Callao was swept away by a tidal wave, and Lima was almost reduced to ruins. The public buildings are handsome, and include the House of Congress and the Exposition Park. Spanish architecture predominates, and a walk through the streets is like a chapter in stone from old Spain. Among the monuments are the statue of Columbus, the statue of Bolivar, the "Second of May" monument (commemorating the defeat of the Spaniards in 1866), and the Bolognesi monument. The population is variously computed at between 140,000 and 150,000. The press is ably represented by two daily papers, the "Comercio" and the "Prensa". Education is free and obligatory and the public exercise of religion other than the Catholic, while allowed by courtesy, is not recognized by law.

The cathedral, dedicated to St. John the Evangelist, was begun when Pizarro founded Lima; it took ninety years to build, and was consecrated in 1625. It suffered considerably from the earthquake of 1746, and in the restoration which followed the two great towers were added. It is a handsome structure with five naves and ten sides chapels, one of which contains the remains of Pizarro. Its artistic treasures are valuable, and its high altar is adorned with a painting by Murillo. Other churches of note in the town of San Francisco, Santo Domingo, La Merced, and San Augustin. San Pedro and San Pablo formerly belonged to the Jesuits; Santo Domingo was built by Pizarro, and contains relics of the True Cross. There are, moreover, twelve convents, including Santa Rosa, where the body of Saint Rose, Lima's patron saint, is preserved. In all there are sixty-six religious houses or establishments in the town.

The archdiocese includes the Department of Lima, having an area of 13,310 square miles and a population of 250,000. At the present time its suffragan sees are Arequipa, Cuzco, Puno, Huánuco, Ayacucho, Huaraz, Trujillo, and Chachapoyas. The last Spanish archbishop was Bartholomé de las Heras, who was expelled by San Martin, in 1821. He returned to Spain, where he died at the age of eighty, in 1823. The See of Lima remained vacant until June, 1834, when a native archbishop was installed. The present archbishop, Pedro Manuel Garcia Naranjo, was born at Lima, 29 April, 1838, and was appointed 19 December, 1907

References

  1. Back to citation Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Archdiocese of Lima". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company; "Archdiocese of Lima" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 29 February 2016; "Metropolitan Archdiocese of Lima" GCatholic.org. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved 29 February 2016
  2. Back to citation "Archbishop Diego Gómez de Lamadrid, OSsT" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 21 March 2016
  3. Back to citation "Archbishop St. Toribio Alfonso de Mogrovejo" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 21 March 2016
  4. Back to citation "Archbishop Bartolomé Lobo Guerrero" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 21 March 2016
  5. Back to citation "Archbishop Gonzalo del Campo (López de Ocampo)" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 21 March 2016
  6. Back to citation "Archbishop Hernando de Arias y Ugarte" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 21 March 2016
  7. Back to citation "Archbishop Pedro de Villagómez Vivanco" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 21 March 2016
  8. Back to citation "Archbishop Juan de Almoguera, OSsT" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 21 March 2016
  9. Back to citation "Archbishop Melchor de Liñán y Cisneros" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 21 March 2016
  10. Back to citation "Archbishop Diego Morcillo Rubio de Suñón de Robledo, |OSsT" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
  11. Back to citation occurrence 11.0 Back to citation occurrence 11.1 "Resignations and Appointments, 25.01.2019" (Press release). Holy See Press Office. 25 January 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  12. Back to citation "Bishop Francisco Cisneros y Mendoza" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 21 March 2016
  13. Back to citation Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lima, official website

Bibliography

12°02′48″S 77°01′47″W / 12.0466°S 77.0298°W

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