Jump to content

August zu Eulenburg

From Catholicism Wiki
Graf
August zu Eulenburg
File:August Graf zu Eulenburg.jpg
Full name August Ludwig Traugott Botho
Born 22 October 1838
Königsberg, Kingdom of Prussia
Died 16 June 1921 (aged 82)
Berlin, Weimar Republic
Spouse Adelaide von Witzleben
Father Count Botho Heinrich zu Eulenburg
Mother Countess Therese von Dönhoff

August Ludwig Traugott Botho Graf[1] zu Eulenburg (22 October 1838 – 16 June 1921) was an officer in the Prussian, and later German armies, and official in the Prussian royal court. He was the younger brother of Count Botho zu Eulenburg, who served as Minister-President of Prussia from 1892 to 1894, and a second cousin of Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg, the close friend of Kaiser Wilhelm II.

Biography

Born into the Upper Saxon noble family of Eulenburg, August joined the army on 1 November 1856 as a grenadier in the 1st Foot Guard Regiment after his graduation from the Marienwerder Gymnasium. He was promoted to second lieutenant two years later on 13 April 1858, and between 1860 and 1862 he participated in the trade mission in East Asia as an attaché under his kinsman Friedrich Albrecht zu Eulenburg.[2][3]

Upon his return to Prussia in 1865, Eulenburg pursued a career in the royal court; he was made a personal adjutant to the crown prince (the future Emperor Frederick III), before being appointed Marshal of the Royal Court in 1868, thus placing him in charge of the court's administrative affairs. He then served as a member of the General-Ordenskommission from 1879 to 1890, and served as Chief Master of Ceremonies between 1883 and 1914 and Grand Marshal of the Court and House (Oberhof- und Hausmarschall) to Kaiser Wilhelm II from 1890 to 1914. He was also a member of the Herrenhaus and Minister of the Royal House from 1907 to the end of Wilhelm II's reign in 1918.[3]

Following Otto von Bismarck's dismissal in 1890, Eulenburg mediated the reconciliation between the emperor and former chancellor. Conversely, he encouraged the rift between his brother Botho and Caprivi, in the hopes that the former would replace the latter as chancellor, as Botho was seen in conservative circles as a bulwark against the rising threat of social democracy; Wilhelm II would ultimately appoint Prince Hohenlohe.[2]

Eulenburg retired from active military service as a colonel in 1889, but was promoted to major-general in 1891 and lieutenant-general in 1895, before being made à la suite General of the Infantry on 18 October 1904.[3] He continued to serve as Chief Representative (General-Bevollmächtigter) of the House of Hohenzollern after the November Revolution for the remainder of his life.

He died in 1921 in Berlin, and was buried in the Holy Trinity Cemetery in the Kreuzberg district alongside his family.[4]

Honours

German orders and decorations[5]
Foreign orders and decorations[5]

Literature

References

  1. Back to citation Regarding personal names: Graf was a title before 1919, but now is regarded as part of the surname. It is translated as Count. Before the August 1919 abolition of nobility as a legal class, titles preceded the full name when given (Graf Helmuth James von Moltke). Since 1919, these titles, along with any nobiliary prefix (von, zu, etc.), can be used, but are regarded as a dependent part of the surname, and thus come after any given names (Helmuth James Graf von Moltke). Titles and all dependent parts of surnames are ignored in alphabetical sorting. The feminine form is Gräfin.
  2. Back to citation occurrence 2.0 Back to citation occurrence 2.1 Born 1959, p. 679.
  3. Back to citation occurrence 3.0 Back to citation occurrence 3.1 Back to citation occurrence 3.2 Kocka & Neugebauer 2001, p. 350.
  4. Back to citation Mende, Hans Jürgen (2018), Lexikon Berliner Begräbnisstätten (in German), Berlin: Pharus-Plan, p. 224, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1
  5. Back to citation occurrence 5.0 Back to citation occurrence 5.1 Handbuch über den Königlich Preußischen Hof und Staat (1908), Hofstaat p. 11
  6. Back to citation occurrence 6.0 Back to citation occurrence 6.1 Back to citation occurrence 6.2 "Königlich Preussische Ordensliste", Preussische Ordens-Liste (in German), 1, Berlin: 56, 562, 946, 1886 – via hathitrust.org
  7. Back to citation "Königlicher Haus-orden von Hohenzollern", Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (supp.) (in German), vol. 1, Berlin: Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei, 1886, p. 100 – via hathitrust.org
  8. Back to citation Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt (1894) "Herzoglicher Haus-orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 20
  9. Back to citation Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1910), "Großherzogliche Orden" pp. 43, 58
  10. Back to citation occurrence 10.0 Back to citation occurrence 10.1 Back to citation occurrence 10.2 Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Bayern (1908), "Königliche Orden" p. 10, 26, 81
  11. Back to citation Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtums Sachsen-Altenburg (1884), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden" p. 35
  12. Back to citation Großherzoglich Hessische Ordensliste (in German), Darmstadt: Staatsverlag, 1914, pp. 9, 97 – via hathitrust.org
  13. Back to citation "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen", Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Hessen und bei Rhein, Darmstadt, 1879, p. 80
  14. Back to citation "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen". Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Mecklenburg-Strelitz: 1907 (in German). Neustrelitz: Druck und Debit der Buchdruckerei von G. F. Spalding und Sohn. 1907. p. 15.
  15. Back to citation Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg: 1879. Schulze. 1879. p. 47.
  16. Back to citation Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1900), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 42
  17. Back to citation Sachsen (1901). "Königlich Orden". Staatshandbuch für den Königreich Sachsen: 1901. Dresden: Heinrich. pp. 6, 162 – via hathitrust.org.
  18. Back to citation Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1897), "Königliche Orden" pp. 44, 96
  19. Back to citation Staatshandbuch für Württemberg. 1889. p. 53.
  20. Back to citation "Ritter-orden", Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, 1918, pp. 55, 74, 132, retrieved 23 January 2021
  21. Back to citation Bille-Hansen, A. C; Holck, Harald, eds. (1912) [1st pub.:1801]. Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1912 [State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1912] (PDF). Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender (in Danish). Copenhagen: J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri. pp. 5–6, 11–12. Retrieved 30 April 2020 – via da:DIS Danmark.
  22. Back to citation "Den kongelige norske Sanct Olavs Orden", Norges Statskalender (in Norwegian), 1910, pp. 911–912 – via hathitrust.org
  23. Back to citation "Real y distinguida orden de Carlos III". Guía Oficial de España (in Spanish). 1920. p. 213. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
  24. Back to citation Sveriges statskalender (PDF) (in Swedish), 1884, p. 424, retrieved 14 April 2021 – via gupea.ub.gu.se
  25. Back to citation Sveriges statskalender (PDF) (in Swedish), 1890, p. 469, retrieved 14 April 2021 – via gupea.ub.gu.se
  26. Back to citation "Kung. Svenska Riddareordnarna", Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1915, p. 671, retrieved 8 November 2020 – via runeberg.org
  27. Back to citation The London Gazette, issue 27140, p. 8089
Retrieved from "https://catholicism.wiki/index.php?title=August_zu_Eulenburg&oldid=50265"