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Diocese of Trenton

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Diocese of Trenton
Dioecesis Trentonensis
Coat of Arms of the Diocese of Trenton
Coat of Arms of the Diocese of Trenton
Location
Country United States
Territory South-Central New Jersey counties of Burlington, Mercer, Monmouth, and Ocean
Ecclesiastical province Newark
Statistics
Population
Total
Catholics 		2,130,044
850,000 (42%)
Parishes 109
Information
Denomination Catholic
Sui iuris church Latin Church
Rite Roman Rite
Established August 2, 1881
Cathedral Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption, Trenton
Co-cathedral Co-Cathedral of St. Robert Bellarmine, Freehold
Patron saint Blessed Virgin Mary
Current leadership
Pope Leo XIV
Bishop David M. O'Connell
Metropolitan Archbishop Joseph Tobin
Vicar General Rev. Msgr. Thomas N. Gervasio
Judicial Vicar Rev. Oscar B. Sumanga, J.C.D.
Map
Website
dioceseoftrenton.org

The Diocese of Trenton is a diocese of the Catholic Church in central New Jersey in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Newark. The mother church is the Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption in Trenton with the Co-Cathedral of St. Robert Bellarmine in Freehold. The bishop is David M. O'Connell.

Territory

The Diocese of Trenton encompasses Burlington, Mercer, Monmouth, and Ocean counties. In 2021, it had a population of 774,000 Catholics.[1]

History

1700 to 1800

Although the British Provinces of East Jersey and West Jersey were not officially welcoming to Catholics, they tended to ignore their presence.[2] The first resident priest in West Jersey was Jesuit Joseph Greaton, who arrived around 1732. In 1744, Theodore Schneider was visiting the families of Catholic ironworkers in the southern part of the territory.[3] In 1764, Ferdinand Steinmeyer took over this duty.

The assistance of Catholic French troops during the American Revolution helped to abate anti-Catholic sentiment in all of the 13 original colonies. In 1784, Pope Pius VI erected the Apostolic Prefecture of the United States of America, including all of the new United States. In 1789, the same pope raised this prefecture to the Diocese of Baltimore.[4]

1800 to 1881

The first Catholic mass in Trenton was celebrated in the printing office of Isaac Collins around 1804. In 1811, the services were moved to the home of John Baptist Sartori, a consular official who represented the commercial interests of the Papal States in the United States. To accommodate the increasing number of worshipers, Bishop Michael Egan of Philadelphia worked with local backers to construct St. John the Baptist in 1814, the first Catholic parish in New Jersey.[3][5]

When Pope Pius VII erected the Diocese of New York and the Diocese of Philadelphia in 1808, he split the new state of New Jersey between the two dioceses.[6] However, when Pope Pius IX erected the Diocese of Newark in 1853, he reunited the state of New Jersey as its initial territory.[7] The Trenton area would remain part of the Diocese of Newark for the next 28 years.

In 1865, Anthony Smith purchased the site of the present-day Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption. It had previously served as the headquarters for Hessian troops during the Battle of Trenton in December 1776. Construction of the church began in 1866, and Bishop James Bayley of Newark dedicated the new cathedral in 1871. The Catholic population of New Jersey grew rapidly, from 25,000 in 1860 to 130,000 in 1880.[3] In 1874, the Sisters of St. Francis of Philadelphia opened St. Francis Hospital in Trenton.[8]

1881 to 1900

In 1881, Pope Leo XIII erected the Diocese of Trenton, taking southern and central New Jersey from the Diocese of Newark.[3] The pope designated the Church of St. Mary of the Assumption as its cathedral and appointed Michael J. O'Farrell of New York as the first bishop of Trenton. At this time, the diocese had 68 churches, 23 parochial schools, and 51 priests.[3]

According to historian John Shea, O'Farrell's efforts to establish Catholic institutions in South Jersey "...did not fail to excite hostility".[9] St. John the Baptist Church, the first Catholic church in the diocese, burned down in 1883 in a suspected arson attack. During his tenure, O'Farrell erected several new parishes and missions, and established an orphanage in New Brunswick and a home for the elderly in Beverly. When O'Farrell died in 1884, the diocese contained 92 priests, 101 churches, and 82 parochial schools.

In 1894, James McFaul was appointed the second bishop.[10] New Jersey's Catholic population continued to grow with immigration from Italy and eastern Europe. In 1898, McFaul erected St. Michael's Orphanage at Hopewell, to be operated by the Sisters of St. Francis of Philadelphia.[11] McFaul also opened in Lawrence the Morris Hall Home for the Aged in 1904.[12] In 1906, the Sisters of Mercy opened Mount Saint Mercy and College, a high school and college for girls in Watchung.[13]

1900 to 1950

In 1909, McFaul created a controversy when he accused the professors at American colleges and universities of an "upbuilding of a cynicism and intimacy with immoral ideas."[14] In 1910, the Religious Teachers Filippini entered the diocese to work among the Italian immigrants in St. Joachim's Parish in South Trenton.[15] McFaul established Catholic Charities in Trenton in 1913.[16]

After McFaul died in 1917, Pope Benedict XV appointed Thomas Walsh as the third bishop of Trenton.[17] The college division of Mount Saint Mary was moved in 1924 to Lakewood, where it became Georgian Court College.[13] It is today Georgian Court University.[18] Walsh in 1927 dedicated the new St. James High School in Monmouth County.[19] Walsh in 1927 became bishop of Newark.

John J. McMahon of Buffalo was the next bishop of Trenton, named by Pope Pius XI in 1928. He died four years later in 1932.[20] In 1933, the Religious Teachers Filippini established Villa Victoria Academy, an all-girls middle and high school, in Mercer County.[15] To replace McMahon, Pius XI appointed Monsignor Moses E. Kiley of the Archdiocese of Chicago as bishop of Trenton.[21] McMahon died in 1932.

In 1934, Kiley was appointed the fifth bishop of Trenton by Pope Pius XI.[22] His most notable achievement in Trenton was refinancing $10,000,000 of church obligations.[23] In 1937, Pope Pius XI erected the Diocese of Camden, taking its territory, taking South Jersey from the Diocese of Trenton.[24] The Diocese of Trenton now had a Catholic population of 210,114 in eight counties with 212 diocesan priests, 121 parishes and 70 parochial schools. Kiley became archbishop of the Archdiocese of Milwaukee in 1940. Auxiliary Bishop William A. Griffin of Trenton was named bishop of diocese in 1940 by Pope Pius XII.[25]

1950 to 1997

After ten years as bishop, Griffin died in 1950. The next bishop of Trenton was George W. Ahr of Newark, appointed by Pius XII in 1950. During Arh's tenure, the number of Catholics in the diocese rose from 300,000 to 850,000. He founded 50 parishes and dedicated 100 new churches, 90 schools, and over 60 other buildings.[26] In 1956, fire destroyed St. Mary's Cathedral, killing its rector, Richard T. Crean, and two housekeepers. Bishop Ahr guided the implementation of liturgical reforms from the Second Vatican Council after 1965. He retired in 1979 after 29 years as bishop of Trenton.

In 1980, Pope John Paul II selected Auxiliary Bishop John C. Reiss of Trenton as Ahr's successor as bishop.[27][28] Later that year, the pope erected the Diocese of Metuchen, taking four counties from the Diocese of Trenton.[29] At this juncture, the Diocese of Trenton had 447,915 parishioners in 119 parishes served by 193 diocesan priests and 105 religious priests.

In 1995, John Paul II appointed Bishop John M. Smith as coadjutor bishop in Trenton to assist Reiss. Villa Vianney, a residence for retired priests, was completed in 1995 and the new diocesan pastoral center in 1997. When Reiss retired in 1997, Smith succeeded him as bishop of Trenton.[28]

1997 to 2010

Smith launched the diocesan website in 2000. He also championed the diocese's teen talk show, Realfaith TV, which was televised and webcast throughout North America. Smith created the Institute for Lay Ecclesial Ministry to prepare permanent deacons for service. Smith set forth "The 11 Elements of a Vibrant Parish" in 2000, which reduced the number of parishes in the diocese to 111.[30]

In 2002, the diocese completed the construction of the Church of St. Robert Bellarmine in Freehold Township. The diocese began using this church for diocesan functions because it offered a more central location in the diocese than the cathedral.

2010 to present

In 2010, Pope Benedict XVI named David M. O'Connell, president of Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. as coadjutor bishop of Trenton. When Smith retired in 2010, O'Connell became the next bishop of Trenton.[31]

In 2017, the Vatican elevated Church of St. Robert Bellarmine to the status of co-cathedral at O'Connell's request. In January 2024, O'Connell suffered a heart attack in Rome. He received surgery at a hospital there to unblock his left anterior descending artery.[32]

St. Leo the Great Parish of Lincroft, New Jersey, sued its former its former finance director, Joseph Manzi, in August 2025. It accused Manzi of embezzling $1.5 million of parish funds.[33] He was indicted on theft charges in October 2025.[34]

Sexual abuse

The Diocese of Trenton removed Ron Becker, a priest at St. Francis Roman Catholic Church in Trenton, from ministry after receiving complaints of sexual abuse.[35] The Vatican laicized him in 2002. In March 2007, he was arrested on sexual assault charges. His accuser was his niece Jenni Franz, who said that Becker abused her from ages five to 11.[36] Franz reported his abuse to the diocese in 2004. Becker pleaded guilty to one count of second-degree sexual assault in June 2007, but died before sentencing.[37] The diocese in 2009 paid a $325,000 settlement to Franz.[38] In 2011, the diocese paid a second settlement exceeding $1 million to five former altar boys who were sexually assaulted by Becker in the 1970s and 1980s.[39]

Romannilo Apura, a priest of St. Martha Parish in Point Pleasant, was arrested in August 2014 on charges of endangering the welfare of a child, third-degree aggravated criminal sexual contact, and fourth-degree attempt to commit criminal sexual contact.[40] Apura pleaded guilty in August 2015 to aggravated criminal sexual contact and was sentenced to three years in prison.[41]

In February 2019, the diocese released the names of 30 clergy who had been credibly accused of sexually abusing minors since 1940.[42] The diocese in April 2022 announced an $87.5 million settlement to 300 victims of sexual abuse by its clergy.[43]

Bishops

Bishops of Trenton

  1. Michael J. O'Farrell (1881–1894)
  2. James A. McFaul (1894–1917)
  3. Thomas J. Walsh (1917–1928), appointed Bishop and later Archbishop of Newark
  4. John J. McMahon (1928–1932)
  5. Moses E. Kiley (1934–1940), appointed Archbishop of Milwaukee
  6. William A. Griffin (1940–1950)
  7. George W. Ahr (1950–1979)
  8. John C. Reiss (1980–1997)
  9. John M. Smith (1997–2010; coadjutor bishop 1995–1997)
  10. David M. O'Connell (2010–present; coadjutor bishop 2010)[3]

Former auxiliary bishops

Education

High schools

*Operates independently with the concurrence of the diocese.

Canonical status and jurisdiction

Diocese of Trenton is a diocese of the catholic church of the Catholic Church.[54]

From the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia

Diocese of Trenton — (TRENTONENSIS).

Diocese created 15 July, 1881, suffragan of New York, comprises Atlantic, Burlington, Camden, Cape May, Cumberland, Gloucester, Hunterdon, Mercer, Middlesex, Monmouth, Ocean, Salem, Somerset, and Warren counties in the State of New Jersey, U.S.A., an area of about 5,756 square miles. From 1808 to 1853 the territory now occupied by the Diocese of Trenton covered the lower sections of what was then known as East and West Jersey, the former belonging to the jurisdiction of New York and the latter to Philadelphia. In 1853 the Diocese of Newark was formed, and the entire State of New Jersey was placed under Bishop James Roosevelt Bayley, afterwards Archbishop of Baltimore. The Diocese of Trenton lies between New York and Philadelphia and has within its confines all the sea coast from Sandy Hook to Cape May Point, whereon thirty churches have been built to accommodate the summer visitors to the Jersey coast. The first Mass said within its territory was celebrated at Woodbridge, about 1672, and the city of Trenton, in 1814, witnessed the formation of the first congregation and the erection of the first church.

The first bishop was the Right Rev. Michael Joseph O'Farrell (b. at Limerick, Ireland, 2 December, 1832; d. 2 April, 1894). Bishop O'Farrell completed his classics and philosophy at All Hallows College, Dublin, and went to St-Sulpice, Paris, where he made his theology course. He became a Sulpician and was ordained in his native city by the Most Rev. Dr. Ryan, 18 Aug., 1855. His superiors sent him to Montreal, Canada, where he taught dogmatic theology at the Grand Seminary. He left the Congregation of St-Sulpice and was made rector of St. Peter's Church, New York City. He took up the work of organizing the new diocese of Trenton with fifty-one priests, sixty-nine churches, and a Catholic population of about forty thousand. Soon new parishes and missions were formed, an orphan asylum was opened at New Brunswick, and a home for the aged at Beverly. At the Third Council of Baltimore Bishop O'Farrell was considered one of the most eloquentr speakers in the American hierarchy. He wrote pastoral letters on Christian marriage and Christian education. His remains were at first interred in the cathedral cemetery, Trenton, but in 1905 were transferred to a vault in the chapel of St. Michael's Orphan Asylum, Hopewell, New Jersey.

Bishop O'Farrell was succeeded by his chancellor and vicar-general, the Right Rev. James Augustine McFaul (b. near Larne, Co. Antrim, Ireland, 6 June, 1850), the second and present Bishop of Trenton. The latter went with his parents to America when a few months old. The family dwelt for several years in New York City and then moved to Bound Brook, New Jersey. Bishop McFaul made his collegiate course at St. Vincent's, Beatty, Pennsylvania, and at St. Francis Xavier's, New York City, his theological studies being made at Seton Hall, South Orange, New Jersey. He was ordained on 26 May, 1877, and, when the See of Trenton was erected, was appointed an assistant priest at St. Mary's church, Trenton, which Bishop O'Farrell selected as his cathedral. Hence he early became a friend of his predecessor, by whom he was held in great confidence and by whom he was appointed pastor of the Church of St. Mary, Star of the Sea, Long Branch. In October, 1890, he returned to the cathedral to be its rector and to assist the bishop. He was made secretary and chancellor, and on 1 November, 1892, was appointed vicar-general. On the death of Bishop O'Farrell he acted as administrator of the diocese and on 20 July, of the same year, was raised to the episcopate, being consecrated in St. Mary's Cathedral (18 Oct., 1894) by Archbishop Corrigan, from whom, when Bishop of Newark, he received all his other orders. Being familiar with the diocese he soon placed it on a splendid financial basis, and erected many churches, schools, and institutions, among which are: the orphan asylum, at Hopewell; the home for the aged, at Lawrenceville; and Mount St. Mary's College for young ladies, at Plainfield. Bishop McFaul is organizer of the American Federation of Catholic Societies, which has a membership of about two million.

Among the most widely known of Bishop McFaul's works are his pastoral letters, "The Christian Home", "The Christian School", and "Some Modern Problems", as well as a timely and valuable brochure on tuberculosis. His address on "The American Universities", delivered in New York City, June, 1909, revealed to the American people the fact that the professors of several of these institutions were advancing ideas in conflict with morality and the established standards of right and wrong. In May, 1911, he delivered an address on the Press before several thousand newspaper men, in St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York City.

In the Diocese of Trenton there are many nationalities, and the Gospel is preached in the following languages: English, German, Italian, Polish, Hungarian, Slovak, Lithuanian, and Rumanian.

The religious communities in the diocese are: men - Franciscans (Minor Conventuals), Augustinians, Fathers of the Pious Society of Missions, Dominicans, Brothers of the Sacred Hearrt, and Brothers of the Christian Schools (summer only); women - Sisters of Mercy, Sisters of Charity, Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis, Sisters of St. Francis, Mission Helpers of the Sacred Heart, Dominican Sisters of the Perpetual Rosary, Sisters of St. Dominic, Gray Nuns, Poor Clares, Felician Sisters, School Sisters of Notre-Dame, Franciscan Sisters of Christian Charity, Pious Teachers (Pii Filippini), Sisters of the Precious Blood.

General statistics (1911): bishop, 1; secular priests, 167; regular, 23; churches with resident priests, 124; missions with churches, 30; stations, 84; chapels, 13; religious women (including novices and postulants), 372; college (Franciscan) 1, students, 90; academies for young ladies, 5, pupils, 350; college for young ladies, 1, students, 87; parishes with parochial schools, 44, pupils, 12,263; Sunday-schools, 153; teachers, 900, pupils, 20,364; orphan asylums, 2, orphans, 313; total number of young people under Catholic care, 13,103: hospitals, 3, patients treated during 1910, about 7,000; day-nurseries 2, children, 125; homes for aged, 2, inmates, 100; Catholic population, about 130,000.

FLYNN, The Catholic Church in New Jersey MORRISTOWN, 1904); LEAHY, The Diocese of Trenton (Princeton, 1907); MCFAUL, Memorial of the Rt. Rev. Michael J. O'Farrell; FOX, A Century of Catholicity in Trenton, N. J.; The Catholic Directory (1852, 1882, 1911).

References

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40°13′18″N 74°45′22″W / 40.22167°N 74.75611°W

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