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Diocese of Vannes

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Diocese of Vannes
Dioecesis Venetensis
Diocèse de Vannes
Eskopti Gwened
Vannes Cathedral
Vannes Cathedral
Location
Country France
Ecclesiastical province Rennes
Metropolitan Archdiocese of Rennes, Dol, and Saint-Malo
Statistics
Area 7,092 km2 (2,738 sq mi)
Population
Total
Catholics 		(as of 2022)
751,309
548,456 (73%)
Parishes 197
Information
Denomination Roman Catholic
Sui iuris church Latin Church
Rite Roman Rite
Established 5th Century
Cathedral Cathedral Basilica of St. Peter in Vannes
Patron saint St. Padarn
Secular priests 226 (Diocesan)
65 (Religious Orders)
61 Permanent Deacons
Current leadership
Pope Leo XIV
Bishop Raymond Centène
Metropolitan Archbishop Pierre d'Ornellas
Map
Website
Website of the Diocese

The Diocese of Vannes (Latin: Dioecesis Venetensis; French: Diocèse de Vannes) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in France. It was established in the 5th century. The seat of the bishop is Vannes Cathedral, in the city of Vannes, on the southern shore of the peninsula of Brittany (Bretagne). The diocese corresponds to the French civil department of Morbihan, and has been a suffragan to the Archdiocese of Rennes, Dol, and Saint-Malo since 3 January 1859.[1]

Raymond Michel René Centène is the current bishop since his appointment in 2005.

In 2022, in the Diocese of Vannes there was one priest for every 1,884 Catholics.

History

The ancient Gallo-Roman name for the city of Vannes (city of the Veneti) was Darioritum.[2]

Sede vacante

Bishop Guido Conley died on 21 (or 31) October 1270.[3] On the appointed day, seventeen dignities and canons assembled to elect his successor. Four scrutators were selected to supervise the voting. Nine voters supported Hervé, the Cantor of the cathedral Chapter; six supported Master Gaufridus, one of the canons. The stalemate was reported to the papal Curia, which was living in exile in Viterbo and engaged in the longest papal election in history, and a lawsuit was begun. A new pope was not elected until 1 September 1271, and, since he had been on crusade, he did not arrive in Viterbo until February 1272; he was crowned in Rome as Gregory X on 27 March 1272. He handed the case to Cardinal Simon Paltanieri to act as Assessor, but Gregory died on 10 January 1276 and Paltanieri not long thereafter, with the matter of the Vannes election still undecided. His successor, Pope Innocent V, died six months later. His successor, Pope Adrian V, lasted 5 weeks. His successor, Pope John XXI, appointed Cardinal Guillaume de Bray to continue the case, but John XXI reigned for only 8½ months. During his reign, one of the principals in the case, Canon Gaufridus, died. Pope John's successor, Pope Nicholas III, finally took up the case, and issued a ruling on 12 December 1279. He found the election canonical, confirmed Cantor Hervé, and consecrated him personally.[4]

In 1642, during a pastoral visitation, Bishop Sébastien de Rosmadec (1622–1646) issued an set of statutes for the diocese. On 4 June 1648, he held a synod in Vannes.[5]

On 22 September 1693, Bishop François d'Argouges (1687–1716) held a synod in Vannes, and issued a set of statutes.[6]

Chapter and cathedral

The edifice of the cathedral dates from several epochs. It was vaulted in the 18th century.

From the mid-15th century, the cathedral of Saint Peter was widely famed as the resting place of the remains of S. Vincent Ferrer, O.P. Fra Vincent had spent the last two years of his life, from 1417 to 1419, in Brittany, a good part of that time in Vannes. He died there on 5 April 1419.[7] On 3 June 1455, in a consistory of cardinals and other prelates, Pope Calixtus III pronounced Vincent Ferrer a saint, and on 29 June 1455 he held a solemn public ceremony in which the declaration of canonization was made.[8] Cardinal Alain de Coëtivy, himself a Breton, was sent by Pope Calixtus as legate to France, and on 2–4 June 1456, he presided over the inauguration of the cult of Saint Vincent in the cathedral of Vannes.[9]

The cathedral is staffed and administered by a corporation called the Chapter. The Chapter consisted of four dignities (the archdeacon, the treasurer, the cantor, and the scholasticus) and fourteen canons.[10] In 1746, there were fifteen canons.[11] The dignities and canons were named alternately by the bishop and the pope.[12]

The diocese of Vannes had, at one time, three collegiate churches: Rochefort, founded on 1 June 1527, with a Dean, a Cantor and five canons; Guiméné, founded in 1529 with the approval of Pope Clement VII, with a Provost, six canons, and four chaplains; and Saint-Michel-du-Champ, founded in 1380, with eight canons, which was taken over by Carthusians in 1480.[13]

In the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, the National Constituent Assembly abolished cathedral chapters, canonicates, prebends, chapters and dignities of collegiate churches, chapters of both secular and regular clergy of both sexes, and abbeys and priories whether existing under a Rule or in commendam.[14]

The liturgical life of the cathedral was enhanced, during the Counter-Reformation, and under the influence of the Catholic League, by numerous actions and gifts which added to the solemnity and the richness of various festivals.[15]

Seminary

The issue of a diocesan seminary, mandated by the Council of Trent was first raised at a meeting of the clergy of Vannes in 1665. The aristocratic residence of Couessial was acquired, and the seminary opened in 1680. Staff were provided by clergy of the diocese, and canons of the cathedral took a leading role. In 1702, the bishop installed the Lazarists founded 1625 by Vincent de Paul, as faculty, positions they continued to fill until 1833. Subsequently, diocesan priests again served as faculty.[16]

The first school (collège) in Vannes began construction in 1574 near the Porte Saint-Yves, with a donation by Jean de Briçon Seigneur de Pé and his wife Anne Desprez. It received the approval of Bishop Louis de La Haye (1574–1588) on 9 December 1579. On 7 May 1629, the city entrusted the operation of the school to the Jesuits. On 2 August 1762, the Parlement of Rennes suppressed the Society of Jesus.[17]

French Revolution

One of the first acts of the French Revolution was the abolition of feudalism and its institutions, including estates, provinces, duchies, baillies, and other obsolete organs of government.

Even before it directed its attention to the Church directly, the National Constituent Assembly attacked the institution of monasticism. On 13 February 1790. it issued a decree which stated that the government would no longer recognize solemn religious vows taken by either men or women. In consequence, Orders and Congregations which lived under a Rule were suppressed in France. Members of either sex were free to leave their monasteries or convents if they wished, and could claim an appropriate pension by applying to the local municipal authority.[18] These decrees applied to the five monasteries of men in the diocese of Vannes (Redon, S. Gildas de Rhuis, Lanvaux Prières).[19] Also suppressed were the six monasteries of women (including La Joie).[20]

The Assembly ordered the replacement of political subdivisions of the ancien régime with subdivisions called "departments", to be characterized by a single administrative city in the center of a compact area. The decree was passed on 22 December 1789, the boundaries fixed on 26 February 1790, with the institution to be effective on 4 March 1790.[21] Vannes was assigned to the Departement de Morbihan, with its administrative center at Vannes. The diocese of Saint-Malo was abolished, and the southern part of its territory assigned to Morbihan. The National Constituent Assembly then, on 6 February 1790, instructed its ecclesiastical committee to prepare a plan for the reorganization of the clergy. At the end of May, its work was presented as a draft Civil Constitution of the Clergy, which, after vigorous debate, was approved on 12 July 1790. There was to be one diocese in each department,[22] requiring the suppression of approximately fifty dioceses.[23] The suppression of dioceses by the state was uncanonical.[24]

In the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, the National Constituent Assembly also abolished cathedral chapters, canonicates, prebends, chapters and dignities of collegiate churches, chapters of both secular and regular clergy of both sexes, and abbeys and priories whether existing under a Rule or in commendam.[25]

Most of the clergy of Morbihan (Vannes) were opposed to the changes mandated by the National Assembly, and only 50 of the 500 clergy were willing to take the required oath of obedience to the Civil Constitution. They therefore faced arrest, trial, and deportation. When Bishop Amelot refused to take the oath in February 1791, he was deposed and there was a popular uprising, which was put down by the new departmental authorities. The bishop was arrested, taken to Paris, sent to prison in Vincennes, and then deported to Switzerland. On 27 March 1791, a constitutional bishop, Charles Le Masle, was elected by special revolutionary electors to replace Bishop Amelot. That act was uncanonical and schismatic.[26] Le Masle held a synod in Vannes in 1796, in a situation in which only 20 of the parishes in the diocese had constitutional priests. He held another synod in Lorient in 1800, and resigned under pressure from Napoleon in 1801.[27]

Restoration of order

On 29 November 1801, in the concordat of 1801 between the French Consulate, headed by First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte, and Pope Pius VII, the bishopric of Vannes and all the other dioceses in France were suppressed. This removed all the contaminations and novelties introduced by the Constitutional Church.[28] The pope then recreated the French ecclesiastical order, in the bull "Qui Christi Domini," respecting in most ways the changes introduced during the Revolution, including the reduction in the number of archdioceses and dioceses. Vannes was made a suffragan of the archdiocese of Rennes.[29] The territory of Vannes included part of the ancient Diocese of Saint-Malo, which was subsequently suppressed, after a three way split among the Dioceses of Vannes and Saint-Brieuc and the diocese of Rennes.

Bishop Amelot refused the pope's demand for the resignation of all the bishops of France in 1801, and therefore, when Pius VII abolished the French hierarchy in 1801, Amelot lost his see and another bishop, Antoine-Xavier Maynaud de Pancemont (1802–1807), was nominated by Napoleon and approved by Pius VII, and took Amelot's place.[30]

By 1835, several religious orders had established themselves in the diocese of Vannes: the Hospitalières de Saint-Augustine (two houses), the Ursulines (3 houses), the Dames de la Charité de Saint-Louis (3 houses), the Soeurs de Saint-Esprit (3 houses), and the Soeurs de Saint-Vincent-de-Paul (2 houses).[31]

In fiction

Alexandre Dumas, père, in The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later, the last book of his d'Artagnan Romances.[32] makes the former musketeer Aramis the bishop of the Diocese of Vannes, on the nomination of Nicolas Fouquet, the Superintendent of Finances of King Louis XIV from 1653 to 1661.

See also

Bishops of Vannes

To 1000

  • (attested 453): [Ignotus][33]
  • (attested c. 465): Paternus[34]
  • (attested 511): Modestus[35]
  • (mid 6th cent.): Macliavus[36]
  • (attested 578/9): Eunius[37]
  • (attested 590): Regalis[38]
  • (mid to late 8th cent.): Agus[39]
  • (attested 797, 814): Isaac[40]
  • 820: Winhaelhoc[41]
  • (attested 820):Raginarius[42]
  • (attested 838–848) Susannus[43]
  • (attested 850–868): Courantgen[44]
  • (attested 870): Dilis[45]
  • (attested 878–888): Kenmonoc[46]
  • (attested 891–908): Bili[47]
  • (? –?): Cunadan
  • (attested 945–950): Blenlivet[48]
  • (? –?):? Alveus[49]
  • (attested 970): Auriscanus[50]

1000 to 1378

  • (attested 1008): Judicael[51]
  • 1037–1065?: Budic[52]
  • (attested 1066–1082): Maingui[53]
  • (attested 1089–1128): Morvan(us)[54]
  • 1128–1132: Jacobus[55]
  • 1132?–1143: Even[56]
  • 1143–1177: Rouaud, O.Cist.[57]
  • 1177: Geoffroy[58]
1177–1182: Sede vacante[59]
  • 1182–1220?: Guethenoc[60]
  • 1220–1232: Robertus[61]
  • 1232: Guilelmus
  • 1232–1254: Cadiocus
  • ( 1254 ): Guillelmus de Quelenec[62]
  • 1255–1262: Alanus[63]
  • 1265–1270: Guido Conley[64]
1270–1279: Sede vacante
  • 1279–1287: Hervé[65]
  • 1287–c. 1310: Henri Tors[66]
  • 1310–1312: Yves[67]
  • 1312–1339: Jean le Parisy[68]
  • 1339–1346: Gaufridus de Saint-Guen[69]
  • 1347–1360: Gualterus de S. Paterno[70]
  • 1360–1378: Gaufridus de Rohan[71]

From 1378 to 1600

1600 to 1800

Constitutional church (schismatic)
  • 1791–1801: Charles le Masle[92]

since 1800

  • 1802–1807 Antoine-Xavier Maynaud de Pancemont[93]
  • 1807–1817: Pierre-François-Gabriel-Raymond-Ignace-Ferdinand de Bausset-Roquefort[94]
  • 1817–1826: Henri-Marie-Clauce de Bruc-Montplaisir[95]
  • 1826–1827: Simon Garnier[96]
  • 1827–1860: Charles-Jean de la Motte de Broons et de Vauvert[97]
  • 1861–1863: Louis-Anne Dubreil[98]
  • 1863–1865: Jean-Baptiste Charles Gazailhan[99]
  • 1865–1897: Jean-Marie Bécel[100]
  • 1898–1903: Amédée-Jean-Baptiste Latieule[101]
  • 1906–1928: Alcime-Armand-Pierre-Henri Gouraud[102]
  • 1929–1941: Hippolyte Tréhiou[103]
  • 1941–1964: Eugène-Joseph-Marie Le Bellec[104]
  • 1964–1991: Pierre-Auguste-Marie Boussard[105]
  • 1991–2005: François-Mathurin Gourvès[106]
  • 2005-pres.: Raymond Michel René Centène[107]

Canonical status and jurisdiction

Roman Catholic Diocese of Vannes is a diocese of the catholic church of the Catholic Church.[108]

From the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia

Diocese of Vannes — (VENETENSIS).

Comprises the Department of Morbihan, and was re-established by the Concordat of 1802; it was formed: (1) from the former Diocese of Vannes, excluding the parishes situated east of the Oust River, which were annexed to the Archdiocese of Rennes; (2) from the District of Roce-Bernard, detached from the Diocese of Nantes; (3) from the southern part of the former Diocese of St. Malo; (4) from the District of Gourin, detached from the Diocese of Quimper. It was a suffragan of Tours until 1859 and, since that time, of Rennes. The Department of Morbihan is that part of France where the greatest number of monuments of the old Gallic worship are preserved; the long avenues of menhirs at Carnac are famous.

According to tradition, St. Clair, first Bishop of Nantes, died in the third century during the course of his preaching in the Diocese of Vannes. The synodical epistle of the Council of Angers, on 4 October, 453, gives the names of four Breton prelates, one of whom was certainly Bishop of Vannes. St. Paternus, whose origin is much discussed by hagiographers, and who became bishop between 461 and 490, is the chief patron of the diocese. No document previous to the Charter of Quimperlé, which dates from the twelfth century, gives as bishops of Vannes, the saints Doininius, Clemens, Amans, Saturninus, Guinninus (Guenin), Vigorocus, Budocus, Hinguethenus, Meriadocus, Meldrocus, Comeanus, and Justocus who probably, without episcopal character, were engaged in evangelizing the country. Bishop Susannus was expelled from his see by the Breton king Nominoe (8484) because the latter wished to reorganize ecclesiastical Brittany. Among the subsequent bishops are mentioned: Pierre de Foix (1476-90), cardinal in 1476; Cardinal Laurent Pucci (1514-31); Cardinal Antoine Pucci (1531-44); Charles de Marillac (150-60), ambassador of the King of France in Turkey and in England.

St. Gildas "the Wise", or "Badonicus", born in Great Britain in 494, left there about 527, went to the Island of Houat, then to the Peninsula of Rhuis, where he founded the monastery of St. Gildas, and wrote two treatises which are a valuable source for the ancient history of the Britons; he died in 570. In the tenth century, the Northmen destroyed the monastery, then under the Abbot Dave. Abbot Dave brought the bodies of Saints Patricius, Albon, and Paternus to Bourg Deols in Berri, and there erected a monastery under the name of St. Gildas. In 1008, Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany, asked Gauzlin, Abbot of Saint Benoit on the Loire, for religious to re-establish the monastery of St. Gildas of Rhuis. It was re-established by Abbot Felix, who died in 1038. Abelard, Abbot of Rhuis in 125, soon left the abbey, but retained the title of abbot until his death. Eudes de Kerlivio d'Hennebond, disciple of St. Vincent de Paul, and Father Huby, S.J., contributed greatly to the religious revival of the Diocese of Vannes, by the foundation of the seminary (1681). In the fourteenth century, during the wars in which Venerable Charles of Blois supported by Charles V and Jean de Montfort, aided by the English, contested the sovereignty of Brittany, Vannes was several times besieged. The battle of Auray (29 September, 1364), in which Venerable Charles of Blois was killed, put an end to the struggle between the two families of Blois and of Montfort. An army of émigrés, commanded by Puisaye, Sombreuil, and d'Hervilly, landed, June, 1795, on the Peninsula of Quiberon, was there joined by 10,000 Chouans, and was attacked by Hoche, who completely annihilated it, 16 July, 1795. Hercé, Bishop of Dol, was shot at Vannes by the Republican troops, on 3 July, 1795; 900 émigrés, who had landed at Quiberon, were shot at Blech, near Auray; their bones are kept at the Carthusian monastery of Auray, the ancient collegiate church founded in the fourteenth century by Jean de Montfort.

Councils were held at Vannes in 461 or 465, 818, 846. The Viscountship of Rohan, in the diocese, was erected in 1603, by Henri IV, into a duchy-peerage for Henri de Rohan (1574-1638), who became one of the leaders of the Protestant party under Louis XIII. A certain number of saints are connected with the history of the diocese: St. Eguiner or Guyomard (Guignerus), martyr at Ploudery in 499; St. Albinus (Aubin), Bishop of Angers from 529 to 549, native of the Diocese of Vannes; St. Salomon, Duke or King of the Bretons, martyr (ninth century); St. Goustan (Sulstanus), lay brother of the monastery of St. Gildas, d. about 1009; St. Vincent Ferrer (1357-1419), who died at Vannes, where he is buried, is patron of the episcopal city; Blessed Francoise d'Amboise, Duchess of Brittany, who, having become a widow, refuse the brilliant marriage which Louis XI suggested to her, founded the Carmelites of Vannes, and died in 1485. The chief pilgrimages of the diocese are: Notre-Dame de Larmor; Notre-Dame de Queleven, at Guern; Notre-Dame du Roncier, at Josselin; Notre-Dame du Voeu, at Hennebont; and above all the pilgrimage of Saint Anne d'Auray. From the earliest centuries, Brittany had erected a chapel to Saint Anne; it was destroyed at the close of the eighth century, but popular tradition forbade the sowing of the field of Bocenno, where the chapel had been erected. In 1623 and 1624, after visions, the farmer Yves Nicolazic obtained from the bishop permission for a new chapel. The image of St. Anne, which was venerated there, was burned in 1793; but a new statute of Saint Anne was solemnly consecrated by order of Pius IX, 30 September, 1868.

Before the application of the Law of 1901 to the congregations, there were in the Diocese of Vannes, Capuchins, Jesuits, missionary priests of the Society of Mary, Eudists, Picpusiens, Fathers of the Holy Spirit and of the Sacred Heart of Mary, and lay Brothers of St. Francis Regis. The powerful society of the Brothers of Christian Instruction had its mother-house at Ploermel, in the diocese. Many communities of women were originally of the diocese: the Sisters of Charity of St. Louis, hospitallers and teachers, founded in 1803 by Mme de Malesherbes, widow of the defender of Louis XVI, and her daughter Mme Molé, with the mother-house at Vannes; the Daughters of Jesus, with the mother-house at Kermaria. At the end of the nineteenth century, the religious congregations conducted in the Diocese of Vannes: 2 infant asylums; 44 day nurseries; 1 school for deaf mutes; 3 orphan asylums for boys; 8 orphan asylums for girls; 4 industrial rooms; 1 home for unprotected young girls; 18 hospitals or refuges; more than 150 houses of religious for the care of the sick at their homes; 1 insane asylum. The Diocese of Vannes had in 1905 (at the end of the administration of the Concordat): 563,468 inhabitants; 38 livings; 238 parochial chapels; 279 vicariates, recompensed by the State.

Gallia christiana, XIV nova, (1856), 915-40, instr. 209-224; DUCHESNE, Fastes episcopaux, II (Paris, 1894-9); TRESVAUX, L'Eglise de Bretagne (Paris, 1839); LALLEMAND, Les origines historiques de Vannes (Vannes, 1904); LE MENE, Hist. archeologique, feodale et religieuse des provinces du diocese de Vannes (2 vols., Vannes, 1894); LUCO, Fouille historique de l'ancien diocese de Vannes (2nd ed., Vannes, 1908); ROSENZWEIG, La Chartreuse d'Auray (Vannes, 1863); NICOL, Sainte Anne d'Auray, hist. du pelerinage (Paris, 1878).

References

  1. Back to citation Pius IX, "Ubi Primum Placuit", 3 January 1859 ("anno millesimo octingesimo quinquagesimo octavo") in: Pii IX. Pontificis Maximi Acta: Acta exhibens quae ad Ecclesiam universalem spectant, Pars prima. (in Latin and Italian) Vol. III (Ex Typographia bonarum artium habita facultate. Giorgio Franz in Monaco, 1864), pp. 34-48, esp. 35, 39: "...excipimus postulationes...Napoleonis...Imperatoris., quibus Episcopalem Ecclesiam Rhedonensem ad Metropoliticam dignitatem attolli, eique Episcopatus Venetensem, Briocensem et Corisopitensem Metropolitico Turonensis Archiepiscopi iuri modo subditos in suffraganeos adiici implorandum studuit."
  2. Back to citation J. de La Martinière, "Darioritum: Métropole de la cité des Vénètes, après la conquête romaine," (in French), in: Bulletin mensuel de la société polymathique du Morbihan, Année 1923 (Vannes: Société polymathique du Morbihan 1923), pp. 124-141: "La métropole de la cité des Vénètes à l'époque galloromaine s'est appelée, au ive siècle, du nom de la cité et, antérieurement, Darioritum;;;Il y a en outre des raisons de proposer l'identification de Locmariaker avec Vindana portus. Navalis portus, Port-Navalo serait une annexe du port principal." Hauréau, Gallia christiana XIV, p. 915.
  3. Back to citation Eubel I, p. 520. Trevaux, p. 160.
  4. Back to citation Frederic J. Baumgartner, Behind Locked Doors: A. History of the Papal Elections, (New York: Palgrave Macmillan 2003), pp. 37-40. J.N.D. Kelly & M.J. Walsh, Oxford Dictionary of Popes, second edition (OUP 2010), p. 199. Jules Gay, Les registres de Nicolas III, (in Latin), Paris: Fontemoing 1898), pp. 254-255.
  5. Back to citation L. Petit, J.-B. Martin; J. D. Mansi (edd.), Sacrorum conciliorm nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, (in Latin), Vol. 36ter (Arnhem-Leipzig: H. Welter 1924), pp. 255, 299.
  6. Back to citation Statuts synodaux du diocèse de Vannes, publiés dans le synode général, tenu à Vennes, le 22 septembre 1693, par M. François d'Argouges, évêque de Vennes. (Vannes: la veuve de Pierre Doriou 1693).
  7. Back to citation H. Fages, Historia de San Vicente Ferrer, (in Spanish), Volume 2 (Valencia: A. García, 1903), pp. 261-267. Laura Ackerman Smoller, The Saint and the Chopped-Up Baby: The Cult of Vincent Ferrer in Medieval and Early Modern Europe (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2014), Chapter 1.
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  12. Back to citation Trevaux, p. 148.
  13. Back to citation Hauréau, Gallia christiana XIV, p. 915. Trevaux, p. 149-150.
  14. Back to citation J. B. Duvergier, Collection complète des lois, décrets, ordonnances, règlemens avis du Conseil d'état, (in French), Volume 1 (Paris: A. Guyot et Scribe, 1834), p. 244: "20. Tous titres et offices, autres que ceux mentionnés en la présente constitution, les dignités, canonicats, prébendes, demi-prébendes, chapelles, chapellenies, tant des églises cathédrales que des églises collégiales, et tous chapitres réguliers et séculiers de l'un et de l'autre sexe, les abbayes et prieurés en règle ou en commende, aussi de l'un et de l'autre sexe, et tous autres bénéfices et prestimonies généralement quelconques, de quelque nature et sous quelque dénomination que ce soit, sont, à compter du jour de la publication du présent décret, éteints et supprimés, sans qu'il puisse jamais en être établi de semblables."
  15. Back to citation Elizabeth C. Tingle, Purgatory and Piety in Brittany 1480-1720 (London-New York: Routledge, 2016), pp. 139-141.
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  17. Back to citation Diego Mens Casas, "La construction de l’église du collège jésuite de Vannes: un modèle parisien et un architecte finistérien," (in French), 2021, Monographie sur la chapelle Saint Yves de Vannes, 2021, unpaginated.
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  19. Back to citation Hauréau, Gallia christiana XIV, p. 1018.
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  21. Back to citation Pisani, pp. 10-11. Departement de Puy-de-Dôme, "Création du département"; retrieved 15 July 2024.
  22. Back to citation "Civil Constitution," Title I, "Article 1. Chaque département formera un seul diocèse, et chaque diocèse aura la même étendue et les mêmes limites que le département."
  23. Back to citation Ludovic Sciout, Histoire de la constitution civile du clergé (1790-1801): L'église et l'Assemblée constituante, (in French and Latin)., Vol. 1 (Paris: Firmin Didot 1872), p. 182: Art. 2 "...Tous les autres évêchés existant dans les quatre-vingt-trois départements du royaume, et qui ne sont pas nommément compris au présent article, sont et demeurent supprimés."
  24. Back to citation Pisani, pp. 10-12. Jean-de-Dieu-Raimond de Boisgelin de Cucé, Exposition des principes sur la Constitution civile du clergé, par les évêques députés á l'Assemblée nationale, (in French), (Paris: Chez Guerbaert, 1791), p. 11: "C'est une maxime incontestable, que toute jurisdiction ne peut cesser, que par la puissance qui la donne. C'est de l'église seule, que les évêques tiennent leur jurisdiction; c'est l'église seule, qui peut les en priver."
  25. Back to citation J. B. Duvergier, Collection complète des lois, décrets, ordonnances, règlemens avis du Conseil d'état, (in French), Volume 1 (Paris: A. Guyot et Scribe, 1834), p. 244: "20. Tous titres et offices, autres que ceux mentionnés en la présente constitution, les dignités, canonicats, prébendes, demi-prébendes, chapelles, chapellenies, tant des églises cathédrales que des églises collégiales, et tous chapitres réguliers et séculiers de l'un et de l'autre sexe, les abbayes et prieurés en règle ou en commende, aussi de l'un et de l'autre sexe, et tous autres bénéfices et prestimonies généralement quelconques, de quelque nature et sous quelque dénomination que ce soit, sont, à compter du jour de la publication du présent décret, éteints et supprimés, sans qu'il puisse jamais en être établi de semblables."
  26. Back to citation Pisani, p. 148.
  27. Back to citation Pisani, pp. 151, 159.
  28. Back to citation J.B. Duvergier (ed.), Collection complète des lois, décrets, ordonnances, réglemens et avis du Conseil d'état, (in French and Latin), Volume 13 (Paris: A. Guyot et Scribe, 1826), pp. 372-373; p. 387.
  29. Back to citation Duvergier (ed.), Collection complète des lois, décrets, ordonnances, réglemens et avis du Conseil d'état,, Volume 13, p. 374: "Ecclesiam archiepiscopalem Turonensem, et episcopales Cenomanensem, Andegavensem, Rhedonensem, Nannctensem, Corisopitensem, Venetensem et Briocensem, quas ei in suffragancas assignamus."
  30. Back to citation Trevaux, p. 181-185.
  31. Back to citation La France ecclésiastique (in French) Vol. 2 (Paris: Gauthier 1836), p. 433.
  32. Back to citation Alexandre Dumas. The Romances of Dumas: The Vicomte de Bragelonne, vol. 1 (New York: Athenaeum Society, 1893, p. 165. William Allan McNair (1972). In search of the four musketeers. Sydney: Alpha Books. ISBN 9780855530495., especially Chapter 18.
  33. Back to citation In the list of bishops who attended the Council of Angers in October 453, there are four names whose dioceses are not given: Chariato, Rumordius, Viventius, and Sarmatio. One of these, perhaos Chariato, was bishop of Vannes. Duchesne, pp. 246-247, 377 no. 1.
  34. Back to citation Paternus was consecrated at the Council of Vannes, which met sometime between 461 and 490. Lloyd, John Edward (1895). "Padarn". Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 43. p. 34. Haddan, Art West (1873). Councils and Ecclesiastical Documents Relating to Great Britain and Ireland (in Latin). Clarendon. p. 73. Trevaux, pp. 150-151. Duchesne, pp. 249, 377, no. 2.
  35. Back to citation Bishop Modestus attended the Council of Orléans on 10 July 511. Duchesne, p. 377, no. 3. Charles De Clercq, Concilia Galliae, A. 511 — A. 695 (Turnholt: Brepols 1963), p. 13: "Modestus episcopus de Venitus suscripsi."
  36. Back to citation Macliav: Trevaux, pp. 151-152. Duchesne, p. 377, no. 4.
  37. Back to citation Bishop Eunius (Ennius) was sent as an envoy by Duke Guerech, who had refused to pay tribute to the Franks, to the Frankish king Chilperic. Chilperic exiled the bishop from Vannes, and made him retire to Angers. Hyacinthe Morice, Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne, (in French) Volume 1 (Impr. Delaguette, 1750), p. 18. Trevaux, p. 152. Duchesne, p. 377, no. 5.
  38. Back to citation Regalis: Duchesne, p. 377-378, no. 6.
  39. Back to citation Agus (Igus) subscribed a document during the reign of Charlemagne. Duchesne, p. 378, no. 7: "regnante Karolo imperatore Ago episcopo in Venetis civitate."
  40. Back to citation Trevaux, p. 153. Duchesne, p. 378, no. 8.
  41. Back to citation Trevaux, p. 154. Duchesne, p. 378, no. 9.
  42. Back to citation Ragmard: Trevaux, p. 154. Duchesne, p. 378, no. 10.
  43. Back to citation Susannus was deposed for simony in 848. Trevaux, pp. 154. Duchesne, p. 378-379, no. 11.
  44. Back to citation Bishop Courantgen was captured by the Normans in 854 and released in 855. Trevaux, p. 154-155. Duchesne, p. 379, no. 12.
  45. Back to citation Dilis: Trevaux, p. 155. Duchesne, p. 379, no. 13.
  46. Back to citation Kenmonoc: Trevaux, p. 155. Duchesne, p. 379, no. 14.
  47. Back to citation Bili: Trevaux, p. 155. Duchesne, p. 379, no. 15.
  48. Back to citation Blenlivet: Trevaux, p. 155.
  49. Back to citation Alveus: Hauréau, Gallia Christiana 14 p. 923.
  50. Back to citation Orscand: Hauréau, Gallia Christiana 14 p. 923. Trevaux, p. 155.
  51. Back to citation Judicael: Hauréau, Gallia Christiana 14 p. 923. Trevaux, p. 155.
  52. Back to citation Budic: Hauréau, Gallia Christiana 14 p. 923. Trevaux, p. 155.
  53. Back to citation Maingui: Hauréau, Gallia Christiana 14 p. 923. Trevaux, p. 155.
  54. Back to citation Morvanus: Hauréau, Gallia Christiana 14 p. 923. Trevaux, p. 155.
  55. Back to citation Jacobus: Trevaux, p. 157.
  56. Back to citation Even is first attested in a document dated 31 December 1137. Trevaux, p. 157.
  57. Back to citation Rouaud was the first abbot of Lanvaux. He was elected in 1143, and died on 26 June 1177. Trevaux, p. 157.
  58. Back to citation Geoffrey was elected and died in the same year. Trevaux, p. 157-158.
  59. Back to citation The see of Vannes was vacant for five years. Trevaux, p. 158.
  60. Back to citation Guethenoc: Trevaux, p. 158.
  61. Back to citation Eubel I, p. 520.
  62. Back to citation Bishop Guido died on 26 August 1254, Eubel I, p. 520.
  63. Back to citation Alanus was consecrated in 1255, and died on 18 February 1262. Eubel I, p. 520.
  64. Back to citation Bishop Guido died on 21 October 1270. Eubel I, p. 520.
  65. Back to citation Hervé (Henri) Bloc had been Cantor of the cathedral Chapter. He was appointed bishop by Pope Nicholas III on 12 December 1279. He died on 22 March 1287. Trevaux, p. 160. Eubel I, p. 520 with note 1.
  66. Back to citation Henri: Trevaux, p. 161. Eubel I, p. 520.
  67. Back to citation Yves: Trevaux, p. 161.
  68. Back to citation Henri: Trevaux, p. 161. Eubel I, p. 520.
  69. Back to citation Gaufridus held a degree in Civil and Canon Law. Despite the reservation announced by the papacy on the appointment of the next bishop, the Chapter went ahead after the death of Bishop Jean and elected Geoffrey, a canon of the cathedral of Vannes. He was nonetheless provided (appointed) by Pope Benedict XII on 10 March 1339. J.M. Vidal, Benoît XII: Lettres communes, (in Latin), Vol. 2 (Paris: Fontemoing 1910), p. 131, no. 6546. Eubel I, p. 520.
  70. Back to citation Gualterus: Eubel I, p. 520 with note 4.
  71. Back to citation Geoffrey was the son of Vicomte Olivier de Rohan, and a canon of Saint-Malo. He was not, despite what Trevaux says, transferred to Saint-Brieuc in 1391. Trevaux, pp. 161-162. Eubel I, p. 520.
  72. Back to citation Jean de Monstrelais was a canon of Tours, and was elected by the cathedral Chapter of Vannes. He was named to the diocese of Vannes by Urban VI in April 1378, and appointed to the same diocese by Clement VII on 5 November 1378. He was transferred to the diocese of Nantes on 20 October 1382, by Pope Clement VII. He died on 13 September 1391. Trevaux, p. 162. Eubel I, pp. 356 520.
  73. Back to citation Simon was a doctor of theology and bishop of Langres. He was transferred to Vannes by Pope Clement VII on 20 October 1382, in an exchange of dioceses with Bishop Jean de Monstrelais. He resigned, due to ill health in 1383. Trevaux, p. 162. Eubel I, pp. 356, 520.
  74. Back to citation Henri held a licenciate in theology, and was abbot of Prières. He was placed in possession of the diocese by the papal legate in Brittany, Archbishop Thomas of Naples. He was transferred to the diocese of Nantes on 2 May 1404, by Pope Benedict XIII. He died on 27 April 1419. Trevaux, p. 162. Eubel I, pp. 356, 520.
  75. Back to citation Hugues had been Bishop of Tréguier. He was transferred to Vannes by Pope Benedict XIII, on 25 August 1404. In 1406, he was Chancellor of Brittany and confessor of the duke. He died on 10 October 1408. Trevaux, p. 162-163. Eubel I, pp. 494, 520.
  76. Back to citation Amaury was elected bishop of Vannes by the cathedral Chapter, and confirmed by Pope Alexander V on 25 February 1410. He was consecrated by the archbishop of Tours, Hamelin de Breuil. He was transferred by Pope Eugenius IV on 1 Nov 1432 to the diocese of Saint-Malo. He died on 5 August 1434. Trevaux, p. 162-163. Eubel II, pp. 182, 264.
  77. Back to citation Jean Valdire had been bishop of Saint-Pol-de-Léon (1427–1432). Eubel II, p. 264 with note 1.
  78. Back to citation Ivo had held the dignity of Treasurer of the cathedral Chapter. He died on 7 January 1475 Eubel II, p. 264 with note 2.
  79. Back to citation Pierre was named bishop of Vannes on 11 March 1476. He was named a cardinal on 18 December 1476. He died on 17 July 1490. Eubel II, p. 17, no. 15, with note 12.
  80. Back to citation Cybo, the nephew of Pope Innocent VIII, was named a cardinal in the consistory of 9 March 1489. He was appointed administrator of the diocese of Vannes in the consistory of 29 August 1490, by Pope Innocent VIII (Cybo). He died on 21 December 1503. Eubel II, pp. 20, no. 1 with note 5; 264 with note 4; III, p. 329 with note 2.
  81. Back to citation 26 February 1511 – 1513
  82. Back to citation 30 July 1514 – 26 September 1531
  83. Back to citation Saint-Martin was a Gascon. He was nominated bishop of Vannes by the Sieur de Saint-Colombe, captain of the guard of King Charles IX of France, and took his oath of allegiance on 8 June 1572. He never received his bulls, and abandoning the expectation of their being issued, he resigned without having been consecrated a bishop. Hauréau, Gallia Christiana 14 p. 935. Trevaux, p. 155. Trevaux, p. 168. Eubel III, p. 329.
  84. Back to citation Jean de La Haye was appointed bishop in the papal consistory of 22 March 1574, by Pope Gregory XIII, and took possession on 31 May. He died by poison in August 1574. Trevaux, p. 168-169. Eubel III, p. 329.
  85. Back to citation Louis de La Haye: Trevaux, p. 160. Eubel III, p. 329.
  86. Back to citation Georges d'Aradon: Trevaux, p. 168. Eubel III, p. 329.
  87. Back to citation Cazet de Vautorte had previously been Bishop of Lectoure (1655–1671). He was nominated to Vannes by Louis XIV on 28 January 1671, and approved by Pope Clement IX on 22 June 1671. He died in Vannes either on 13 or 27 December 1671. Jean, pp. 454-455. Ritzler, V, p. 408 and n. 3.
  88. Back to citation (29 Aug 1719 Appointed – 16 Feb 1742 Died)
  89. Back to citation Jumilhac was nominated by King Louis XV on 2 April 1742, and confirmed by Pope Benedict XIV on 9 July 1742. He was consecrated on 12 August. On 17 April 1746, he was nominated archbishop of Arles by the king, and on 19 September he was transferred to the diocese of Arles, by the pope. He died in Paris on 20 February 1775. Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 436 with note 2.
  90. Back to citation ( 1746 Appointed – 1774 Died). Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 436 with note 3.
  91. Back to citation (10 Nov 1774 Appointed – 1801 Resigned). Bishop AMelot refused to swear the oath of obedience to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy. He was arrested in February 1791, and taken under guard to Paris. Eventually he was permitted to go into exile in Switzerland. Pisani, pp. 147-148. Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 436 with note 4.
  92. Back to citation Le Masle was elected by the constitutional electors of Morbihan on 27 March 1791, after three refusals by others. He was consecrated in Paris by Constitutional bishop Jean-Baptiste Gobel, assisted by bishops Jean-Baptiste Dubourg-Miroudot and Jean-Baptiste Dumouchel. Pisani, pp. 147-153; 457.
  93. Back to citation Pancemont was appointed by First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte on 9 Apr 1802, and confirmed on 10 April 1802. He was consecrated on 11 April at Notre-Dame de Paris by the Papal Legate, Cardinal Caprara. He died on 13 March 1807. Ch. Hamel (1901). Histoire de l'église de Saint-Sulpice... (in French). Paris: V. Lecoffre. pp. 90–102. Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, p. 390.
  94. Back to citation (19 Nov 1807 Appointed – 8 Aug 1817 Appointed, Archbishop of Aix)
  95. Back to citation (27 Aug 1817 Appointed – 18 Jun 1826 Died)
  96. Back to citation (28 Jun 1826 Appointed – 8 May 1827 Died). Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, p. 391.
  97. Back to citation (4 Jul 1827 Appointed – 5 May 1860 Died). Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, p. 391.
  98. Back to citation (5 Jun 1861 Appointed – 24 Oct 1863 Appointed, Archbishop of Avignon). Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, p. 135, 391.
  99. Back to citation (24 Oct 1863 Appointed – 1865 Resigned)
  100. Back to citation (30 Dec 1865 Appointed – 6 Nov 1897 Died)
  101. Back to citation (22 Mar 1898 Appointed – 21 Oct 1903 Died)
  102. Back to citation (21 Feb 1906 Appointed – 2 Oct 1928 Died)
  103. Back to citation (15 Apr 1929 Appointed – 9 Jan 1941 Died)
  104. Back to citation (11 Oct 1941 Appointed – 24 Sep 1964 Retired)
  105. Back to citation (24 Sep 1964 Appointed – 16 Nov 1991 Retired)
  106. Back to citation (16 Nov 1991 Succeeded – 28 Jun 2005 Retired)
  107. Back to citation (28 Jun 2005 Appointed – present)
  108. Back to citation Roman Catholic Diocese of Vannes, official website

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