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Honoré II of Monaco

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Honoré II
Portrait by Philippe de Champaigne
Portrait by Philippe de Champaigne
Prince of Monaco
Reign 1612 – 10 January 1662
Predecessor Hercule (as Lord of Monaco)
Successor Louis I
Lord of Monaco
Reign 21 November 1604 – 1612
Predecessor Hercule
Successor Himself (as Prince of Monaco)
Born 24 December 1597
Monaco
Died 10 January 1662 (aged 64)
Monaco
Burial Saint Nicholas Cathedral
Spouse Ippolita Trivulzio
Issue Hercules, Marquis of Baux
House Grimaldi
Father Hercule, Lord of Monaco
Mother Maria Landi

Honoré II (24 December 1597 – 10 January 1662) was Prince of Monaco from 1604 to 1662. He was the first to be called Prince (in 1612), but started his reign as Lord of Monaco.

Early life

Honoré II was born on 24 December 1597. He was the son of Hercule, Lord of Monaco (24 September 1562 – 21 November 1604) and Maria Landi. His father was murdered when he was six, and he succeeded under the regency of his uncle, Frederico Landi, 4th Prince of Val di Taro. Landi was a loyal ally and friend of Spain and allowed the country to be occupied by Spanish troops in 1605. The inhabitants of Monaco were prohibited to carry arms and the prince and his two sisters were moved to Milan. The Council of Monaco tried to limit Spanish power, but the occupation lasted until 1614, and a strong Spanish influence remained until 1633, when it recognized Honoré as a sovereign prince.

Adulthood

From adulthood, Honoré started to criticize Spain and turned to France for support. Louis XIII gave him the support he needed and this resulted in the Treaty of Péronne. This ended Spanish rule and put Monaco under French protection, recognizing and guaranteeing Monegasque sovereignty. As a consequence Honoré lost his Spanish and Italian possessions, but was compensated by King Louis XIII of France with the marquisate Les Baux and the title of Duke of Valentinois.

During his reign he did much to extend, rebuild and transform the Genoese fortress that was the Grimaldi's stronghold into what is today Monaco's Princely Palace.

Marriage and family

On 13 February 1616 he married Ippolita Trivulzio (d. 1638). The couple had one son.

After Hercules (Ercole, age 27) was killed in firearms accident, Louis became Honoré's heir at the age of 9.[1]

Death and legacy

Honoré died on 10 January 1662. He was interred in the Cathedral of St. Nicholas (it stood on the location of the current cathedral) in Monaco.

A collector's silver coin has been issued by the Treasury of Monaco portraying Honoré II on the occasion of the 400th anniversary (1612 – 2012) of the use of the title "Sovereign Prince." The silver coin has a €10 face value.

Ancestors

References

  1. Back to citation The Mad Monarchist (10 April 2012). "Whatever Happened to Hercules". Mad for Monaco. madformonaco.blogspot.com. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
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