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John II, Count of Nevers

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John II of Nevers
Count of Nevers, Rethel and Eu
Born before 20 October 1415[1]
Clamecy, Nievre
Died 25 September 1491 (aged 75)
Nevers
Noble family Valois-Burgundy-Nevers
Spouses Jacqueline d'Ailly
Pauline de Brosse
Marie d'Albret
Issue
Detail 		Elizabeth of Nevers
Father Philip II, Count of Nevers
Mother Bonne of Artois

John II, Count of Nevers (fr. Jean de Nevers, 1415–1491), known as John of Clamecy prior to acquiring titles, was a French nobleman and the last male member of the House of Valois-Burgundy. He was initially Count of Étampes from 1442 to 1465, and later became Count of Nevers and Rethel from 1464, and also Count of Eu from 1472. Since John had no male heirs, his counties of Nevers and Eu were inherited by his grandson Engelbert of Cleves, son of John's older daughter Elizabeth of Nevers (d. 1483), while the County of Rethel was inherited by John's younger daughter Charlotte (d. 1500).

Life

John was the son of Philip II, Count of Nevers and Bonne of Artois,[2] daughter of Philip of Artois, Count of Eu. His father was the youngest son of Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy.[2] As the younger son, John became Count of Étampes in 1442. John's elder brother, Charles I, Count of Nevers and Rethel, had no legitimate children, and so on his death in 1464 his titles passed to John. In 1472, his uncle Charles of Artois, Count of Eu, died, and having no legitimate children, his title also passed to John.

John fought in the army of his stepfather Philip the Good and was active in Picardy (1434), Calais (1436), Luxembourg (1443), and Flanders (1453). But he clashed with Philip's successor, Charles the Bold, and he defected to King Louis XI of France. He fought alongside Louis XI in the War of the Public Weal and became Lieutenant General of Normandy.

Being the closest male cousin of duke Charles of Burgundy, who died in 1477 without male heirs, John was excluded as a potential heir by the French king Louis XI, who seized the Duchy of Burgundy as a reverted royal fief, while the exclusion of John was based on the royal charter of 1364, that was restricting the Burgundian succession to direct male descendants, thus eliminating potential heirs from collateral branches.[3]

Family

John was first married on 24 November 1435 in Amiens,[4] to Jacqueline d'Ailly, Dame d'Ingelmunster (died 1470),[5] they had two children:

Upon Jacqueline's death in 1470 he married secondly on 30 August 1471, in Château de Boussac, to Pauline de Brosse (c. 1450-1479),[5] daughter of Jean II de Brosse. They had one child:

  • Charlotte (c. 1472 – 23 August 1500), Countess of Rethel (1491–1500), who married John d'Albret[5] and had a daughter, Marie d'Albret, Countess of Rethel.

John's final marriage was on 11 March 1480, in the château de Châlus-Chabrol (Limousin), to Marie d'Albret (c. 1454-1521).[5][6]

Ancestors

  • Ancestors of John II of Nevers
  • 16. Philip VI of France
  • 8. John II of France (= 28)
  • 17. Joan the Lame
  • 4. Philip the Bold
  • 18. John I of Bohemia
  • 9. Bonne of Bohemia (= 29)
  • 19. Elisabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330)
  • 2. Philip II, Count of Nevers
  • 20. Louis I of Flanders
  • 10. Louis II of Flanders
  • 21. Margaret I, Countess of Burgundy
  • 5. Margaret III, Countess of Flanders
  • 22. John III, Duke of Brabant
  • 11. Margaret of Brabant
  • 23. Marie d'Évreux
  • 1. John II, Count of Nevers
  • 24. Robert III of Artois
  • 12. John of Artois, Count of Eu
  • 25. Joan of Valois
  • 6. Philip of Artois, Count of Eu
  • 26. John I of Melun
  • 13. Isabeau of Melun
  • 27. Isabeau d'Antoing
  • 3. Bonne of Artois
  • 28. John II of France (= 8)
  • 14. John, Duke of Berry
  • 29. Bonne of Bohemia (= 9)
  • 7. Marie, Duchess of Auvergne
  • 30. John I of Armagnac
  • 15. Joan of Armagnac
  • 31. Beatrice of Clermont

References

  1. Back to citation Patrick Van Kerrebrouck, Nouvelle histoire généalogique de l'auguste maison de France, vol. 3: Les Valois, Villeneuve d'Ascq, 1990, p. 406, note 2.
  2. Back to citation occurrence 2.0 Back to citation occurrence 2.1 Vaughan 2010, p. xviii.
  3. Back to citation Saenger 1977, p. 12.
  4. Back to citation Nash 1999, p. 369.
  5. Back to citation occurrence 5.0 Back to citation occurrence 5.1 Back to citation occurrence 5.2 Back to citation occurrence 5.3 Back to citation occurrence 5.4 Boltanski 2006, p. 501.
  6. Back to citation According to de Mandrot, John married Françoise d'Albret de Mandrot 1907, p. 27.

Bibliography

  • Boltanski, Ariane (2006). Les ducs de Nevers et l'État royal: genèse d'un compromis (ca 1550 - ca 1600) (in French). Librairie Droz S.A.
  • de Mandrot, B. (1907). "Jean de Bourgogne, Duc de Brabant, Comte de Nevers, et le Proces de sa Succession (1415–1525)". Revue Historique (in French). T. 93, Fasc. 1.
  • Nash, Susie (1999). Between France and Flanders: Manuscript Illumination in Amiens. University of Toronto Press.
  • Potter, David L. (1995). A History of France, 1460–1560: The Emergence of a Nation. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
  • Saenger, Paul (1977). "Burgundy and the Inalienability of Appanages in the Reign of Louis XI". French Historical Studies. 10 (1): 1–26.
  • Vaughan, Richard (2010). Philip the Good. The Boydell Press.
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