Robert II of Dreux
| Robert II | |
|---|---|
| Lord of Fère-en-Tardenois, Pontarcy, Nesle, Longueville, Quincy-en-Tardenois, Savigny, and Baudemont | |
| File:Robert II of Dreux.gif | |
| Count of Dreux | |
| Reign | 1184 – 28 December 1218 |
| Predecessor | Robert I |
| Successor | Robert III |
| Count of Braine | |
| Reign | 24 July 1204 – 28 December 1218 |
| Predecessor | Agnes de Baudemont |
| Successor | Robert III |
| Born | 1154 |
| Died | 28 December 1218 (aged 63–64) |
| Burial | Braine, église abbatiale de Saint-Ived |
| Spouse | Mahaut of Burgundy Yolande de Coucy |
| Issue | Robert III Peter I, Duke of Brittany Henry of Dreux John of Dreux Philippa of Dreux Alix of Dreux Agnes of Dreux |
| House | Dreux |
| Father | Robert I |
| Mother | Agnes de Baudemont, Countess of Braine |
Robert II of Dreux (1154 – 28 December 1218), Count of Dreux and Braine, was the eldest surviving son of Robert I, Count of Dreux, and Agnes de Baudemont, countess of Braine, and a grandson of King Louis VI of France.[1]
He participated in the Third Crusade, at the Siege of Acre[2] and the Battle of Arsuf. He took part in the war in Normandy against the Angevin kings between 1193 and 1204. Count Robert had seized the castle of Nonancourt from Richard I of England in late 1193 while Richard was imprisoned in Germany.[3] The count also participated in the Albigensian Crusade in 1210.[4] In 1214 he fought alongside King Philip Augustus at the Battle of Bouvines.[5]
Marriages and children
His first marriage with Mahaut of Burgundy (1150–1192) in 1178 ended with separation in 1181 and produced no children. The excuse for the annulment was consanguinity: Mahaut and Robert were both great-great-grandchildren of William I, Count of Burgundy and his wife Etiennette, and they were both Capetian descendants of Robert II of France.[6]
His second marriage to Yolande de Coucy (1164–1222), the daughter of Ralph I, Lord of Coucy and Agnès de Hainaut,[7] produced several children:[8]
- Robert III (c. 1185 – 1234), Count of Dreux and Braine[9]
- Peter Ι (c. 1190 - 1250), Duke of Brittany[10]
- Henry of Dreux (c. 1193 – 1240), Archbishop of Reims[11]
- John of Dreux (c. 1198 – 1239), Count of Vienne and Mâcon[12]
- Philippa of Dreux (1192–1242), married Henry II of Bar[13]
- Alix of Dreux, married Walter IV of Vienne, Lord of Salins,[9] then married Renard II of Choiseul[14]
- Agnes of Dreux (1195–1258), married Stephen III of Auxonne[13]
- Yolande of Dreux (1196–1239), married Raoul II of Lusignan[7]
- Eleanor of Dreux, married Hugues IV de Châteauneuf then married Robert de Saint-Clair[15]
Tomb
Count Robert's tomb bore the following inscription, in Medieval Latin hexameters with internal rhyme:
- Stirpe satus rēgum, pius et custōdia lēgum,
- Brannę Rōbertus comes hīc requiescit opertus,
- Et jacet Agnētis situs ad vestīgia mātris.
Of which the translation is: "Born from the race of kings, and a devoted guardian of the laws, Robert, Count of Braine, here rests covered, and lies buried by the remains of his mother Agnes."
It is also dated Anno Gracię M. CC. XVIII. die innocentum, that is, "In the Year of Grace 1218, on the Feast of the Holy Innocents."
Ancestry
- Ancestors of Robert II of Dreux
- 16. Henry I of France
- 8. Philip I of France
- 17. Anne of Kiev
- 4. Louis VI of France
- 18. Floris I, Count of Holland
- 9. Bertha of Holland
- 19. Gertrude of Saxony
- 2. Robert I, Count of Dreux
- 20. Amadeus II, Count of Savoy
- 10. Humbert II, Count of Savoy
- 21. Joan of Geneva
- 5. Adelaide of Maurienne
- 22. William I, Count of Burgundy
- 11. Gisela of Burgundy
- 23. Etiennette
- 1. Robert II of Dreux
- 24. Hugh de Baudement
- 12. Andre de Baudément
- 6. Guy de Baudement
- Hugh de Braine
- 13. Agnes de Braine
- Ade de Soissons
- 3. Agnes de Baudemont, Countess of Braine
- 7. Alix, Dame de Braine
References
- Back to citation Gislebertus of Mons 2005, p. 110.
- Back to citation Nicholson 1973, p. 184.
- Back to citation Power 2008, p. 271.
- Back to citation Sumption 1999, p. 122.
- Back to citation Fedorenko 2013, p. 170-171.
- Back to citation Petit 1889, p. 32.
- Back to citation occurrence 7.0 Back to citation occurrence 7.1 Pollock 2015, p. 145.
- Back to citation Pollock 2015, p. 92.
- Back to citation occurrence 9.0 Back to citation occurrence 9.1 Evergates 2007, p. 229.
- Back to citation Setton, Wolff & Hazard 1969, p. 855.
- Back to citation Setton, Wolff & Hazard 1969, p. 836.
- Back to citation Setton, Wolff & Hazard 1969, p. 841.
- Back to citation occurrence 13.0 Back to citation occurrence 13.1 Richard 1983, p. xxviii.
- Back to citation Evergates 1999, p. 102.
- Back to citation Paul, James Balfour (1909). The Scots Peerage: Founded on Wood's ed. of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom. Vol. VI. Edinburgh: David Douglas. p. 564-565. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
Bibliography
- Evergates, Theodore (1999). Aristocratic women in medieval France. University of Pennsylvania Press.
- Evergates, Theodore (2007). The Aristocracy in the County of Champagne, 1100–1300. University of Pennsylvania Press.
- Fedorenko, Gregory (2013). "The Thirteenth-Century "Chronique de Normandie"". In Bates, David (ed.). Anglo-Norman Studies XXXV: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2012. The Boydell Press.
- Gislebertus of Mons (2005). Chronicle of Hainaut. Translated by Napran, Laura. Boydell Press.
- Mémoires de la Société des lettres, sciences et arts de Bar-le-Duc, Vol.2, Ed. Société des lettres, sciences et arts de Bar-le-Duc, Contant Laguerre Imprimeur Editeur, 1903.
- Nicholson, Robert Lawrence (1973). Joscelyn III and the fall of the crusader states 1134–1199. Brill.
- Petit, Ernest, ed. (1889). Histoire des ducs de Bourgogne de la race Capétienne. Vol. 3. Imprimerie Darantiere.
- Pollock, M. A. (2015). Scotland, England and France After the Loss of Normandy, 1204–1296: Auld Amitie. Boydell & Brewer.
- Power, Daniel (2008). The Norman Frontier in the Twelfth and Early Thirteenth Centuries. Cambridge University Press.
- Richard, Jean (1983). Lloyd, Simon (ed.). Saint Louis, Crusader King of France. Translated by Birrell, Jean. Cambridge University Press.
- Setton, Kenneth M.; Wolff, Robert Lee; Hazard, Harry W., eds. (1969). A History of the Crusades. Vol. 2. University of Wisconsin Press.
- Sumption, Jonathan (1999). The Albigensian Crusade. Faber and Faber.