Scandelion Castle

File:Kalat Schemma CharlesWilliamMeredithVanDeVelde1857 p130 illustration39.jpg

"Kal'at Sham'aa" - illustration by Dutch painter Charles William Meredith van de Velde, who travelled the region in 1851

The Scandelion Castle was built by the Crusaders in what is today South Lebanon in 1116,^[1] during the reign of Baldwin I of Jerusalem. Other sources indicate that they took the town known in medieval Arabic as Iskandarouna (Iskandaruna), called by the Crusaders Scandelion^[2] or Scandalion / Scandalium,^[3] in 1124.^[2] It became a strategic high ground, used to defend Tyre.^[2] The site is today at the Lebanese village of Shamaa.

References

Back to citation Richard, Jean (2001) [1996]. The Crusades c. 1071-c. 1291. Cambridge University Press. p. 141. ISBN 978-0-521-625661. Retrieved 15 February 2025.
Back to citation occurrence 2.0 Back to citation occurrence 2.1 Back to citation occurrence 2.2 Crusader Castles of Lebanon at thefreelibrary.com - better source needed!
Back to citation Pringle, D. (2009). "Iskandaruna (No. 106)". Secular Buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: An Archaeological Gazetteer. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. ISBN 9780521102636.

Bibliography

33°09′21″N 35°09′50″E / 33.1558°N 35.1639°E

[1] Back to citation Richard, Jean (2001) [1996]. The Crusades c. 1071-c. 1291. Cambridge University Press. p. 141. ISBN 978-0-521-625661. Retrieved 15 February 2025.

[source-free-2-2-2] Back to citation occurrence 2.0 Back to citation occurrence 2.1 Back to citation occurrence 2.2 Crusader Castles of Lebanon at thefreelibrary.com - better source needed!

[3] Back to citation Pringle, D. (2009). "Iskandaruna (No. 106)". Secular Buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: An Archaeological Gazetteer. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. ISBN 9780521102636.

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See also

References

Bibliography