Cardinal electors for the 1903 conclave
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Cardinal electors for the 1903 conclave — The conclave of 1903 was convened to elect a pope, the leader of the Catholic Church, to succeed Pope Leo XIII following his death on 20 July 1903.
Of the 64 members of the College of Cardinals at the time of Leo XIII's death, 62 participated in the subsequent conclave, the largest number to enter a conclave up until that time.[1][2] Francis Patrick Moran arrived after the new pope had been elected, while Michelangelo Celesia was unable to participate due to ill health.[2]
Of the 62 attending electors, 6 were cardinal bishops, 48 were cardinal priests, and 8 were cardinal deacons. Only the Dean, Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano, was a creation of Pope Pius IX, with the remaining 61 cardinals having been elevated by his successor Pope Leo XIII.
The oldest cardinal elector in the conclave was François-Marie-Benjamin Richard de la Vergne, at the age of 84, and the youngest was Lev Skrbenský z Hříště, at the age of 40.
This was the first conclave to host a representative from North America—James Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore—and the first to incorporate a non-European born cardinal since the 1471 papal conclave that featured Cardinal Bessarion of Trebizond.[3]
The cardinal electors entered the Sistine Chapel to begin the conclave on 31 July 1903. On 4 August, after seven ballots over five days, they elected Cardinal Giuseppe Sarto, the Patriarch of Venice, who took the papal name Pius X.[4]
Cardinal electors
The table below is sorted by default in order of precedence of the cardinal electors, and contains information as of 20 July 1903, the date on which the Holy See became vacant. All cardinals listed were members of the Latin Church. Cardinals belonging to institutes of consecrated life or to societies of apostolic life are indicated by the relevant post-nominal letters.
- Elected pope
| Rank | Name | Country | Born | Order | Consistory | Office |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano | Italy | 9 July 1828 (age 75) |
CB | 22 December 1873 Pius IX |
Prefect of the Congregation of Ceremonies, and Camerlengo of the Apostolic Camera (Dean) |
| 2 | Serafino Vannutelli | Italy | 26 November 1834 (age 68) |
CB | 14 March 1887 Leo XIII |
Major Penitentiary of the Sacred Apostolic Penitentiary, and Secretary of the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office (Vice-Dean) |
| 3 | Mario Mocenni | Italy | 22 January 1823 (age 80) |
CB | 16 January 1893 Leo XIII |
Substitute for General Affairs Emeritus of the Apostolic Secretariat |
| 4 | Antonio Agliardi | Italy | 4 September 1832 (age 70) |
CB | 22 June 1896 Leo XIII |
Vice-Chancellor of the Apostolic Chancery |
| 5 | Vincenzo Vannutelli | Italy | 5 December 1836 (age 66) |
CB | 30 December 1889 Leo XIII |
Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Council, and Archpriest of Santa Maria Maggiore |
| 6 | Francesco Satolli | Italy | 21 July 1839 (age 63) |
CB | 29 November 1895 Leo XIII |
Archpriest of Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran |
| 7 | José Sebastião de Almeida Neto OFMDisc | Portugal | 8 February 1841 (age 62) |
CP | 24 March 1884 Leo XIII |
Patriarch of Lisbon (Protopriest) |
| 8 | Alfonso Capecelatro di Castelpagano CO | Italy | 5 February 1824 (age 79) |
CP | 27 July 1885 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Capua |
| 9 | Benoit-Marie Langénieux | France | 15 October 1824 (age 78) |
CP | 7 June 1886 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Reims |
| 10 | James Gibbons | United States | 23 July 1834 (age 68) |
CP | 7 June 1886 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Baltimore |
| 11 | Mariano Rampolla | Italy | 17 August 1843 (age 59) |
CP | 14 March 1887 Leo XIII |
Cardinal Secretary of State, Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter, and President of the Sacred Congregation of the Reverend Basilica of Saint Peter |
| 12 | François-Marie-Benjamin Richard de la Vergne | France | 1 March 1819 (age 84) |
CP | 24 May 1889 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Paris |
| 13 | Pierre-Lambert Goossens | Belgium | 18 July 1827 (age 76) |
CP | 24 May 1889 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Mechelen |
| 14 | Anton Joseph Gruscha | Austria-Hungary | 3 November 1820 (age 82) |
CP | 1 June 1891 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Vienna |
| 15 | Angelo Di Pietro | Italy | 22 May 1828 (age 75) |
CP | 16 January 1893 Leo XIII |
Pro-Datary of His Holiness of the Apostolic Dataria |
| 16 | Michael Logue | United Kingdom | 1 October 1840 (age 62) |
CP | 16 January 1893 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Armagh |
| 17 | Kolos Ferenc Vaszary OSB | Austria-Hungary | 12 February 1832 (age 71) |
CP | 16 January 1893 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Esztergom |
| 18 | Georg von Kopp | Germany | 25 July 1837 (age 65) |
CP | 16 January 1893 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Breslau |
| 19 | Adolphe Perraud CO | France | 7 February 1828 (age 75) |
CP | 16 January 1893 Leo XIII |
Bishop of Autun |
| 20 | Victor-Lucien-Sulpice Lécot | France | 8 January 1831 (age 72) |
CP | 12 June 1893 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Bordeaux |
| 21 | Giuseppe Sarto | Italy | 2 June 1835 (age 68) |
CP | 12 June 1893 Leo XIII |
Patriarch of Venice |
| 22 | Ciriaco María Sancha y Hervás | Spain | 17 June 1833 (age 70) |
CP | 18 May 1894 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Toledo |
| 23 | Domenico Svampa | Italy | 13 June 1851 (age 52) |
CP | 18 May 1894 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Bologna |
| 24 | Andrea Carlo Ferrari | Italy | 13 August 1850 (age 52) |
CP | 18 May 1894 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Milan |
| 25 | Girolamo Maria Gotti OCD | Italy | 29 March 1834 (age 69) |
CP | 29 November 1895 Leo XIII |
Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Propagation of the Faith |
| 26 | Achille Manara | Italy | 20 November 1827 (age 75) |
CP | 29 November 1895 Leo XIII |
Bishop of Ancona and Numana |
| 27 | Salvador Casañas y Pagés | Spain | 5 September 1834 (age 68) |
CP | 29 November 1895 Leo XIII |
Bishop of Barcelona |
| 28 | Domenico Ferrata | Italy | 4 March 1847 (age 56) |
CP | 22 June 1896 Leo XIII |
Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of Bishops and Regulars |
| 29 | Serafino Cretoni | Italy | 4 September 1833 (age 69) |
CP | 22 June 1896 Leo XIII |
Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of Rites |
| 30 | Giuseppe Antonio Ermenegildo Prisco | Italy | 8 September 1833 (age 69) |
CP | 30 November 1896 Leo XIII |
Bishop of Naples |
| 31 | José María Martín de Herrera y de la Iglesia | Spain | 26 August 1835 (age 67) |
CP | 19 April 1897 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Santiago de Compostela |
| 32 | Pierre-Hector Coullié | France | 14 March 1829 (age 74) |
CP | 19 April 1897 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Lyon |
| 33 | Guillaume-Marie-Joseph Labouré | France | 27 October 1841 (age 61) |
CP | 19 April 1897 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Rennes |
| 34 | Giovanni Battista Casali del Drago | Italy | 30 January 1838 (age 65) |
CP | 19 June 1899 Leo XIII |
Camerlengo Emeritus of the Sacred College of Cardinals |
| 35 | Francesco di Paola Cassetta | Italy | 12 August 1841 (age 61) |
CP | 19 June 1899 Leo XIII |
Camerlengo Emeritus of the Sacred College of Cardinals |
| 36 | Alessandro Sanminiatelli Zabarella | Italy | 4 August 1840 (age 62) |
CP | 19 June 1899 Leo XIII |
Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals |
| 37 | Gennaro Portanova | Italy | 11 October 1845 (age 57) |
CP | 19 June 1899 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Reggio Calabria |
| 38 | Giuseppe Francica-Nava di Bontifé | Italy | 23 July 1846 (age 56) |
CP | 19 June 1899 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Catania |
| 39 | François-Désiré Mathieu | France | 28 May 1839 (age 64) |
CP | 19 June 1899 Leo XIII |
Archbishop Emeritus of Toulouse |
| 40 | Pietro Respighi | Italy | 22 September 1843 (age 59) |
CP | 19 June 1899 Leo XIII |
Vicar General for the Vicariate of Rome |
| 41 | Agostino Richelmy | Italy | 29 November 1850 (age 52) |
CP | 19 June 1899 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Turin |
| 42 | Sebastiano Martinelli OESA | Italy | 20 August 1848 (age 54) |
CP | 15 April 1901 Leo XIII |
Apostolic Delegate Emeritus to the United States |
| 43 | Casimiro Gennari | Italy | 19 December 1839 (age 63) |
CP | 15 April 1901 Leo XIII |
Assessor Emeritus of the Commission of Roman and Universal Inquisition |
| 44 | Lev Skrbenský z Hříště | Austria-Hungary | 12 June 1863 (age 40) |
CP | 15 April 1901 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Prague |
| 45 | Giulio Boschi | Italy | 2 March 1838 (age 65) |
CP | 15 April 1901 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Ferrara |
| 46 | Jan Puzyna de Kosielsko | Austria-Hungary | 13 September 1842 (age 60) |
CP | 15 April 1901 Leo XIII |
Bishop of Kraków |
| 47 | Bartolomeo Bacilieri | Italy | 28 March 1842 (age 61) |
CP | 15 April 1901 Leo XIII |
Bishop of Verona |
| 48 | Carlo Nocella | Italy | 15 November 1826 (age 76) |
CP | 22 June 1903 Leo XIII |
Latin Patriarch Emeritus of Constantinople, and Secretary Emeritus of Sacred Consistorial Congregation |
| 49 | Beniamino Cavicchioni | Italy | 17 December 1836 (age 66) |
CP | 22 June 1903 Leo XIII |
Secretary of the Sacred Congregation of the Council |
| 50 | Andrea Aiuti | Italy | 17 June 1849 (age 54) |
CP | 22 June 1903 Leo XIII |
Apostolic Nuncio to Portugal |
| 51 | Emidio Taliani | Italy | 19 April 1838 (age 65) |
CP | 22 June 1903 Leo XIII |
Apostolic Nuncio to Austria-Hungary |
| 52 | Sebastián Herrero y Espinosa de los Monteros CO | Spain | 20 January 1822 (age 81) |
CP | 22 June 1903 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Valencia |
| 53 | Johannes Katschthaler | Austria-Hungary | 29 May 1832 (age 71) |
CP | 22 June 1903 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Salzburg |
| 54 | Anton Hubert Fischer | Germany | 30 May 1840 (age 63) |
CP | 22 June 1903 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Cologne |
| 55 | Luigi Macchi | Italy | 3 March 1832 (age 71) |
CD | 11 February 1889 Leo XIII |
Prefect Emeritus of the Prefecture of the Holy Apostolic Palaces (Protodeacon) |
| 56 | Andreas Steinhuber SJ | Germany | 11 November 1824 (age 78) |
CD | 16 January 1893 Leo XIII |
Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Index |
| 57 | Francesco Segna | Italy | 31 August 1836 (age 66) |
CD | 18 May 1894 Leo XIII |
Archivist of the Vatican Secret Archives |
| 58 | Raffaele Pierotti OP | Italy | 1 January 1836 (age 67) |
CD | 30 November 1896 Leo XIII |
Master of the Sacred Apostolic Palace Emeritus |
| 59 | Francesco Salesio Della Volpe | Italy | 20 December 1844 (age 58) |
CD | 19 June 1899 Leo XIII |
Prefect Emeritus of the Prefecture of the Holy Apostolic Palaces |
| 60 | José de Calasanz Vives y Tutó OFMCap | Spain | 15 February 1854 (age 49) |
CD | 19 June 1899 Leo XIII |
Cardinal Deacon of Sant'Adriano al Foro |
| 61 | Luigi Tripepi | Italy | 21 June 1836 (age 67) |
CD | 15 April 1901 Leo XIII |
Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of Indulgences and Sacred Relics |
| 62 | Felice Cavagnis | Italy | 15 January 1841 (age 62) |
CD | 15 April 1901 Leo XIII |
Secretary Emeritus of Sacred Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs |
Not in attendance
| Rank | Name | Country | Born | Order | Consistory | Office | Reason for absence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Michelangelo Celesia OSB Cas | Italy | 13 January 1814 (age 89) |
CP | 10 November 1884 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Palermo | Illness |
| 2 | Francis Patrick Moran | Australia[5] | 16 December 1830 (age 72) |
CP | 27 July 1885 Leo XIII |
Archbishop of Sydney | Did not arrive in time |
Cardinal electors by country
- Country of elected pope
| Country | Continent | Number |
|---|---|---|
| Austria-Hungary | Europe | 5 |
| Belgium | Europe | 1 |
| France | Europe | 7 |
| Germany | Europe | 3 |
| Italy* | Europe | 38 |
| Portugal | Europe | 1 |
| Spain | Europe | 5 |
| United Kingdom | Europe | 1 |
| United States | North America | 1 |
| Total | 62 | |
See also
References
- Back to citation Burkle-Young, Francis A. (2000). Papal Elections in the Age of Transition 1878-1922. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 161–2. ISBN 0-7391-0114-5.
- Back to citation occurrence 2.0 Back to citation occurrence 2.1 "Sixty-Two Cardinals in Rome for Conclave" (PDF). New York Times. 30 July 1903. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
- Back to citation Ellis, John Tracy. Life of James Cardinal Gibbons (abridged by Francis L. Broderick), The Bruce Publishing Company, 1963
- Back to citation Schmidlin, Josef; de Waal, Anton (1904). Life of His Holiness Pope Pius X. Benziger Brothers. pp. 151ff. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
- Back to citation Moran was born in Ireland and has served in Australia since 1884.