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National churches in Rome

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Door of San Giuliano dei Fiamminghi: Arms of Pope Benedict XVI and arms of titular bishop ( Jan Pieter Schotte ) on the left, arms of Belgium on the right, marking it as the Belgian national church.

National churches in Rome — Charitable institutions attached to churches in Rome were founded right through the medieval period and included hospitals, hostels, and others providing assistance to pilgrims to Rome from a certain "nation", which thus became these nations' national churches in Rome (Italian: chiese nazionali). These institutions were generally organized as confraternities and funded through charity and legacies from rich benefactors belonging to that "nation". Often, they were also connected to national scholæ (ancestors of Rome's seminaries), where the clergymen of that nation were trained. The churches and their riches were a sign of the importance of their nation and of the prelates that supported them. Up to 1870 and Italian unification, these national churches also included churches of the Italian states (now called "regional churches").

Many of these organizations, lacking a purpose by the 19th century, were expropriated through the 1873 legislation on the suppression of religious corporations. In the following decades, nevertheless, various accords – ending up in the Lateran Pacts – saw the national churches' assets returned to the Catholic Church.

Italian regional churches

Sant'Ignazio di Loyola in Campo Marzio; Santa Maria in Ara Coeli (Rome); Santissimo Nome di Gesù all'Argentina
Santi Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso; Santi Bartolomeo e Alessandro a Piazza Colonna (Bergamo)
Basilica di San Giovanni Battista dei Fiorentini (Florence); San Giovanni Battista Decollato; Santa Croce e San Bonaventura alla Pilotta (Lucca); Santa Caterina da Siena a Via Giulia (Siena)
  • Umbria:
Santi Benedetto e Scholastica (Norcia); Santa Rita da Cascia alle Vergini
  • Venetia: San Marco Evangelista al Campidoglio

National churches

Africa

  • Democratic Republic of the Congo: Natività di Gesu
  • Eritrea:
San Tommaso in Parione
Santo Stefano degli Abissini; San Tommaso in Parione

Americas

San Patrizio a Villa Ludovisi; Santa Susanna alle Terme di Diocleziano (former)

Asia

Santa Maria Egiziaca (deconsecrated); San Biagio della Pagnotta; San Nicola da Tolentino agli Orti Sallustiani

Europe

San Giovanni della Malva in Trastevere;[4][5] Sant'Atanasio a Via del Babuino (Græco-Byzantine rite)
  • Austria:
Santa Maria dell'Anima;[6] Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici
San Girolamo dei Croati; San Marco Evangelista in Agro Laurentino (Dalmatia and Istria)
San Silvestro in Capite; San Tommaso di Canterbury; San Giorgio e Martiri Inglesi
Santissima Trinità dei Monti; San Luigi dei Francesi; Sant'Ivo dei Bretoni (Brittany); Santi Claudio e Andrea dei Borgognoni (Burgundy); San Nicola dei Lorenesi (Lorraine); San Crisogono (Corsica)
Santa Maria dell'Anima;[6] Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici; Santo Spirito in Sassia
San Basilio agli Orti Sallustiani (Græco-Byzantine rite); Santa Maria in Cosmedin (Græco-Melkite rite); San Teodoro al Palatino (Eastern Orthodox)
Santo Stefano Rotondo al Celio; Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi (demolished); Santo Stefano in Piscinula (demolished)
Sant'Isidoro a Capo le Case; San Clemente al Laterano; San Patrizio a Villa Ludovisi (former); Santa Maria in Posterula (demolished)
Santa Maria del Priorato; San Giovanni Battista dei Cavalieri di Rodi
Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici; Santa Maria dell'Anima; Santi Michele e Magno[12]
Santo Stanislao dei Polacchi; Resurrezione di Nostro Signore Gesù Cristo
Sant'Andrea degli Scozzesi (deconsecrated); Il Pontificio Collegio Scozzese
Nostra Signora del Sacro Cuore; Santa Maria in Monserrato degli Spagnoli; Santissima Trinità a Via Condotti; San Carlino alle Quattro Fontane
Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri;[13] San Pellegrino in Vaticano
  • Ukraine:
Santi Sergio e Bacco; San Giosafat al Gianicolo; Santa Sofia a Via Boccea (Byzantine-Ukrainian rite)

References

  1. Back to citation "Comunità ecuadoriana Chiesa di Santa Maria in Via". Roma Multietnica (in Italian). 2007-07-01. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
  2. Back to citation Macchi, David (2013-11-18). "Church of Our Lady of Coromoto". Romapedia (in American English and Italian). Archived from the original on 2022-02-07. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  3. Back to citation Hager, June (June 1999). "A Special Christianity: The Armenian Catholic Community in Rome". Inside the Vatican. Archived from the original on 2017-06-03. Retrieved 2022-04-22 – via The Catholic Liturgical Library.
  4. Back to citation "Chiesa S. Giovanni della Malva in Trastevere". Roma Multietnica (in Italian). 2007-08-21. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  5. Back to citation "San Giovanni della Malva in Trastevere". Minnistero del'Interno (in Italian). Archived from the original on 2015-09-30. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  6. Back to citation occurrence 6.0 Back to citation occurrence 6.1 Schmidlin, August Joseph (1913). "College and Church of the Anima (in Rome)". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  7. Back to citation Walsh, Michael (2015-09-30). Every Pilgrim's Guide to Rome. Norwich: Canterbury Press. ISBN 978-1-8482-5618-7. OCLC 971560329. OL 25962899M. Retrieved 2022-04-22 – via Google Books.
  8. Back to citation "Ambassade de France près le Saint-Siège" [Embassy of France to the Holy See]. La France au Vatican (in French). Archived from the original on 2022-04-14.
  9. Back to citation "Églises françaises à Rome" [French Churches in Rome] (in French). Pieux Établissements de la France à Rome et à Lorette. Archived from the original on 2022-01-26. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  10. Back to citation Žemaitis, Augustinas. "Rome and Italy". Global True Lithuania (in American English and Lithuanian). Archived from the original on 2022-02-21. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  11. Back to citation "Pontifical Lithuanian College of St. Casimir – Guest House Villa Lituania". Villa Lituania. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  12. Back to citation "Santi Michele e Magno". The Hidden Churches of Rome. Archived from the original on 2020-02-20. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  13. Back to citation Reserved to the Swiss Guards.

Bibliography

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