Jump to content

Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria

From Catholicism Wiki
Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria
Born 30 July 1833
Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna, Austrian Empire
Died 19 May 1896 (aged 62)
Vienna, Austria-Hungary
Burial Imperial Crypt, Vienna
Spouse Princess Margaretha of Saxony
(m. 1856; died 1858)
Princess Maria Annunziata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
(m. 1862; died 1871)
Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal
(m. 1873)
Issue Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Archduke Otto Franz Joseph
Archduke Ferdinand Karl
Duchess Margarete Sophie of Württemberg
Archduchess Maria Annunziata
Princess Elisabeth Amalie of Liechtenstein
Names
German: Karl Ludwig Josef Maria
English: Charles Louis Joseph Maria
House Habsburg-Lorraine
Father Archduke Franz Karl of Austria
Mother Princess Sophie of Bavaria

Archduke Karl Ludwig Josef Maria of Austria (30 July 1833 – 19 May 1896) was the younger brother of both Franz Joseph I of Austria and Maximilian I of Mexico, and the father of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (1863–1914), whose assassination ignited World War I.[1] His grandson, Charles I, was the last emperor of Austria.

Biography

He was born at Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, the son of Archduke Franz Karl of Austria (1802–1878) and his wife Princess Sophie of Bavaria (1805–1872).

His mother ensured he was raised a devout Roman Catholic by the Vienna prince-archbishop Joseph Othmar Rauscher.

Though not interested in politics, the 20-year-old joined the Galician government of Count Agenor Romuald Gołuchowski and in 1855 accepted his appointment as Tyrolean stadtholder in Innsbruck, where he took his residence at Ambras Castle. However, he found his authority to exert power restricted by the Austrian cabinet of his cousin Archduke Rainer Ferdinand and Baron Alexander von Bach. He finally laid down the office upon the issue of the 1861 February Patent for a life as patron of the arts and sciences.

As the eldest surviving brother of the Emperor, Karl Ludwig, after the death of his nephew Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria in 1889, became heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. A newspaper article appeared shortly after the death of his nephew claiming that the Archduke had renounced his succession rights in favor of his eldest son Franz Ferdinand.[2] This rumor proved to be false.[3]

Marriage and family

Karl Ludwig married three times.

His first wife, whom he married on 4 November 1856 at Dresden, was his first cousin Margaretha of Saxony (1840–1858), the daughter of Johann of Saxony (1801–1873) and Amalie Auguste of Bavaria (1801–1877). She died on 15 September 1858 and they had no children.

His second wife, whom he married by proxy on 16 October 1862 at Rome, and in person on 21 October 1862 at Venice, was Princess Maria Annunziata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1843–1871), daughter of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies (1810–1859) and Maria Theresa of Austria (1816–1867).

They had four children:

Maria Annunziata died on 4 May 1871.

His third wife, whom he married on 23 July 1873 at Kleinheubach, was Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal (1855–1944), daughter of Miguel I of Portugal (1802–1866) and Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1831–1909).

They had two daughters:

Death

Karl Ludwig died of typhoid at Schönbrunn in Vienna after returning from a journey to Palestine and Egypt, allegedly after the consumption of contaminated Jordan waters.

His widow Maria Teresa died on 12 February 1944.

Honours and awards

Austrian orders and decorations[4]
Foreign orders and decorations[4]
  • Baden: Knight of the House Order of Fidelity, 1873[7]
  • Kingdom of Bavaria: Knight of St. Hubert, 1853[8]
  • Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold, 20 May 1853 – wedding gift[9]
  • Empire of Brazil: Grand Cross of the Southern Cross
  • Duchy of Brunswick: Grand Cross of Henry the Lion
  • Denmark: Knight of the Elephant, 21 July 1890[10]
  • Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order, May 1857[11]
  • French Empire: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
  • Kingdom of Greece: Grand Cross of the Redeemer
  • Grand Duchy of Hesse: Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order, 13 August 1851[12]
  • Kingdom of Italy: Knight of the Annunciation, 21 September 1873[13]
  • Holy See: Grand Cross of the Order of Pope Pius IX
  • Sovereign Military Order of Malta: Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion
  • Mexican Empire: Grand Cross of the Mexican Eagle
  • Nassau Ducal Family: Knight of the Gold Lion of Nassau
  • Netherlands: Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion
  • Ottoman Empire: Order of Osmanieh, 1st Class in Diamonds
  • Persian Empire: Order of the August Portrait, in Diamonds
  • Kingdom of Portugal: Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword
  • Kingdom of Prussia:
    • Knight of the Black Eagle, 4 June 1853; with Collar, 1861[14]
    • Knight of the Red Eagle, 1st Class
    • Grand Commander's Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern, 2 April 1877[14]
  • Kingdom of Romania: Grand Cross of the Star of Romania
  • Russian Empire:
    • Knight of St. Andrew
    • Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky
    • Knight of the White Eagle
    • Knight of St. Anna, 1st Class
  • Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the White Falcon, 1885[15]
  • Kingdom of Saxony: Knight of the Rue Crown
  • Principality of Serbia: Grand Cross of the Cross of Takovo
  • Siam: Grand Cross of the Crown of Siam, in Diamonds
  • Spain: Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III, with Collar, 15 April 1888[16]
  • Sweden-Norway: Knight of the Seraphim, 7 January 1870[17]
  • Württemberg: Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown, 1867[18]

Ancestry

See also

References

  1. Back to citation "Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Vol. 29. Detroit: Gale, 2009. Gale Biography In Context. Web. 18 May 2012.
  2. Back to citation "The Crown Prince's Successor". The New York Times. 1889-02-02.
  3. Back to citation "Austria's Insecurity" (PDF). The New York Times. 1896-06-16.
  4. Back to citation occurrence 4.0 Back to citation occurrence 4.1 Hof- und Staats-Handbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie (1896), Genealogy p. 2
  5. Back to citation Boettger, T. F. "Chevaliers de la Toisón d'Or - Knights of the Golden Fleece". La Confrérie Amicale. Retrieved 25 June 2019.
  6. Back to citation "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  7. Back to citation Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1876), "Großherzogliche Orden", p. 59
  8. Back to citation Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Bayern (1873), "Königliche-Orden" p. 9
  9. Back to citation H. Tarlier (1854). Almanach royal officiel, publié, exécution d'un arrête du roi (in French). Vol. 1. p. 37.
  10. Back to citation Jørgen Pedersen (2009). Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009 (in Danish). Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 472. ISBN 978-87-7674-434-2.
  11. Back to citation Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtums Sachsen-Altenburg (1869), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden" p. 21
  12. Back to citation Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Hessen (1883), "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen", p. 12
  13. Back to citation Italia: Ministero dell'interno (1884). Calendario generale del Regno d'Italia. Unione tipografico-editrice. p. 47.
  14. Back to citation occurrence 14.0 Back to citation occurrence 14.1 "Königlich Preussische Ordensliste", Preussische Ordens-Liste (in German), 1, Berlin: 5, 935, 1886 – via hathitrust.org
  15. Back to citation Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1891), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 16
  16. Back to citation "Real y distinguida orden de Carlos III", Guóa Oficial de España (in Spanish), 1895, p. 167, retrieved 4 July 2021
  17. Back to citation Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1877, p. 368, retrieved 2018-01-06 – via runeberg.org
  18. Back to citation Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1894), "Königliche Orden" p. 27
  19. Back to citation occurrence 19.0 Back to citation occurrence 19.1 Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1860). "Habsburg, Franz I.". Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 6. p. 208 – via Wikisource.
  20. Back to citation occurrence 20.0 Back to citation occurrence 20.1 Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1860). "Habsburg, Franz Karl Joseph". Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 6. p. 257 – via Wikisource.
  21. Back to citation occurrence 21.0 Back to citation occurrence 21.1 Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1861). "Habsburg, Maria Theresia von Neapel". Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 7. p. 81 – via Wikisource.
  22. Back to citation occurrence 22.0 Back to citation occurrence 22.1 Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 94.
  23. Back to citation occurrence 23.0 Back to citation occurrence 23.1 Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1861). "Habsburg, Sophie (geb. 27. Jänner 1805)". Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 7. p. 149 – via Wikisource.
  24. Back to citation occurrence 24.0 Back to citation occurrence 24.1 "Karoline Friederike Wilhelmine Königin von Bayern". Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte [House of Bavarian History] (in German). Bavarian Ministry of State for Wissenschaft and Kunst. Archived from the original on 1 December 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2018.
Retrieved from "https://catholicism.wiki/index.php?title=Archduke_Karl_Ludwig_of_Austria&oldid=181206"