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Duke of Norfolk

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Dukedom of Norfolk
Creation date 1397 (forfeit 1399–1425) (first creation)
1477 (second creation)
1483 (forfeit 1485–1514, 1547–1553, 1572–1660) (third creation)
Created by Richard II (first creation)
Henry VI (first creation, restored)
Edward IV (second creation)
Richard III (third creation)
Henry VIII (third creation, restored)
Mary I (third creation, restored)
Charles II (third creation, restored)
Peerage Peerage of England
First holder Thomas de Mowbray
Present holder Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk
Heir apparent Henry Fitzalan-Howard, Earl of Arundel
Remainder to 1st Duke's heirs male of the body lawfully begotten
Subsidiary titles Earl of Arundel
Earl of Surrey
Earl of Norfolk
Earl Marshal (office)
Baron Beaumont
Baron Maltravers
Baron FitzAlan
Baron Clun
Baron Oswaldestre
Baron Howard of Glossop
Extinction date 1476 (first creation)
1483 (second creation)
Seats Arundel Castle
Carlton Towers
Former seats Framlingham Castle
Bungay Castle
Clun Castle
Worksop Manor

Duke of Norfolk is a title in the Peerage of England. The premier non-royal peer, the Duke of Norfolk is additionally the premier duke and earl in the English peerage.[1] The seat of the Duke of Norfolk is Arundel Castle in Sussex, although the title refers to the county of Norfolk. The current duke is Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk. The dukes have historically been Catholic; during the 16th-19th centuries, therefore, members of the family were amongst the most prominent of English Catholic recusants.

All past and present dukes have been descended from Edward I. The son of Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, was Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey; the earl was descended from Edward III. As all subsequent dukes after Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk are descendants of the Earl of Surrey, this means they are also descended from Edward III.

The 2nd Duke of Norfolk was the grandfather of both Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard and the great-grandfather of Queen Elizabeth I.

History

Before the Dukes of Norfolk, there were the Bigod Earls of Norfolk, starting with Roger Bigod from Normandy (died 1107). Their male line ended with Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk, who died without an heir in 1306, so their titles and estates reverted to the crown. Edward II then granted his brother, Thomas of Brotherton, the title of Earl of Norfolk in 1312. It passed to Thomas's daughter (and granddaughter of Edward I), Margaret, and then to her grandson, Thomas Mowbray.

When Richard II made Thomas Mowbray the Duke of Norfolk in 1397, he conferred upon him the estates and titles (including Earl Marshal) that had belonged to the Earls of Norfolk. His elderly grandmother, Margaret, was still alive, and so at the same time she was created Duchess of Norfolk for life. Mowbray died in exile in 1399, months after his grandmother, and his dukedom was repealed. His widow took the title of Countess of Norfolk.[2]

Between 1401 and 1476, the Mowbray family held the title and estates of the Duke of Norfolk. John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk, died without male issue in 1476, his only surviving child being the 3-year-old Anne Mowbray. A marriage was arranged between Anne and Richard, Duke of York, the 4-year-old son of Edward IV. She remained Richard's child bride until she died at the age of 8.

In accordance with the marriage arrangements, Richard inherited the lands and wealth of the Mowbray family. He was also made Duke of Norfolk. However, upon the death of Edward IV, the throne was offered to Edward's brother, Richard III. After Prince Richard was lodged in June 1483 in the Tower of London, where his elder brother (briefly Edward V) was too, both Richard and Edward were declared illegitimate. They subsequently disappeared, and the titles of both York and Norfolk were forfeited to the crown.

This left John Howard, the son of Thomas Mowbray's elder daughter Margaret, as heir to the dukedom, and his support for Richard III's accession secured his creation as 1st Duke of Norfolk in 1483, in the title's third creation. From this point to the present, the title has remained in the hands of the descendants of John Howard, except for periods when it was temporarily forfeited.

The Catholic faith of the Howard dynasty often resulted in conflict with the reigning monarch, particularly during and after the reign of Henry VIII. In 1546, Thomas Howard, the third Duke, fell out of favour with the dying Henry and was attainted on 27 January 1547; he was stripped of his titles and his lands reverted to the Crown. Imprisoned in the Tower of London, he narrowly escaped execution through Henry's death the following day, but remained imprisoned until the death of Edward VI and the accession of the Catholic Queen Mary to the English throne in 1553, upon which his lands and titles were restored to him. The Duke died the following year, aged around 81, and was succeeded by his grandson Thomas as the fourth Duke of Norfolk.

Following Mary's death in 1558 and the accession of her sister Elizabeth I, the Duke was imprisoned for scheming to marry Elizabeth's cousin Mary, Queen of Scots. After his release under house arrest in 1570 and subsequent participation in the Ridolfi plot to enthrone Mary and Catholicism in England, he was executed in 1572 for treason and his lands and titles again became forfeit.

In 1660, the fourth Duke's great-great-grandson, the 23rd Earl of Arundel, was restored to the family lands and dukedom as the fifth duke. Mentally infirm, the fifth Duke never married and died in 1677. He was succeeded by his younger brother Henry as the 6th Duke, through whom the 7th Duke, 8th Duke and 9th Duke of Norfolk were descended in the male-line.

At the death of the 9th Duke, the title was inherited in 1777 by his heir male, Charles Howard, a grandson of Charles Howard of Greystoke, a younger brother of the 5th and 6th Dukes. He was succeeded by his son, Charles, whose lack of a legitimate male heir resulted in the title passing to Bernard Howard, a great-grandson of Bernard Howard of Glossop, the youngest brother of the 5th and 6th Dukes. The title then passed to his son in 1842, Henry Howard, 13th Duke of Norfolk, who was the father of Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 14th Duke of Norfolk, and Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Glossop. By royal licence dated 26 April 1842, the 13th Duke added "Fitzalan" before his children's surnames (but not his own), so they all became Fitzalan-Howard, which surname their male-line descendants have borne ever since.[3] Their ancestor, Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, married Mary FitzAlan (daughter and heiress of Henry Fitzalan, 12th Earl of Arundel) in 1555.[4]

The title passed through the line of the elder brother from 1856 until the death in 1975 of Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk without male issue. Consequently, he was succeeded by his second cousin once removed, Miles Stapleton-Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk, who was a great-grandson of the aforementioned 1st Baron Howard of Glossop.

The current Duke of Norfolk is Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk, who succeeded his father, Miles Stapleton-Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk, in 2002. He succeeded as 18th Duke of Norfolk (Premier Duke of England), 36th Earl of Arundel (Premier Earl of England), 19th Earl of Surrey, 16th Earl of Norfolk, 13th Baron Beaumont, 26th Baron Maltravers, 16th Baron FitzAlan, 16th Baron Clun, 16th Baron Oswaldestre, and 5th Baron Howard of Glossop.[5]

The 15th Duke of Norfolk owned almost 50,000 acres with 19,400 acres in the West Riding of Yorkshire, 21,000 acres in Sussex and 4,400 acres in Norfolk.[6]

Duties and other titles

In addition to the ducal title, the dukes of Norfolk also hold the hereditary position of Earl Marshal, which has the duty of organising state occasions such as the coronation of the monarch and the state opening of Parliament. For the last five centuries, save some periods when it was under attainder, both the dukedom and the earl-marshalship have been in the hands of the Howard family. According to the House of Lords Act 1999, due to his duties as Earl Marshal, Norfolk is one of only two hereditary peers automatically admitted to the House of Lords, without being elected by the general body of hereditary peers (the other being the Lord Great Chamberlain).

The Duke of Norfolk participates in the formal ceremony surrounding the annual State Opening of Parliament held at the Palace of Westminster each year. He is among the four individuals who precede the monarch in procession to the House of Lords chamber, and one of the two of these who would traditionally walk facing the sovereign (thus backwards), though this has not been practised in recent years.

As the Earl Marshal, the Duke of Norfolk is head of the College of Arms, through which he regulates all matters connected with armorial bearings and standards, in addition to controlling the arrangements for state functions. He is one of three claimants to the title of Chief Butler of England.

The Duke of Norfolk currently holds the following subsidiary titles (year of present creation noted for each):

All titles are in the Peerage of England, save for the most recent, the Barony of Howard of Glossop which is in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. All descend to heirs male except the Barony of Beaumont, which can pass in the female line. The style Earl of Arundel is used as a courtesy title by the Duke's eldest son, the present holder being Henry Fitzalan-Howard, Earl of Arundel. The style Lord Maltravers is used as a courtesy title by the eldest son of the Duke's eldest son (the Duke's grandson).

Heraldic achievement (coat of arms)

Coat of arms of the Duke of Norfolk
Adopted
1660 (by the 5th Duke of Norfolk)
Coronet
A Coronet of a Duke
Crest
1st: Issuant from a Ducal Coronet Or a pair of Wings Gules each charged with a Bend between six Cross-crosslets fitchy Argent (Howard);
2nd: On a Chapeau Gules turned up Ermine a Lion statant gardant with tail extended Or gorged with a Ducal Coronet Argent (Thomas of Brotherton);
3rd: On a Mount Vert a Horse passant Argent holding in the mouth a Slip of Oak Vert fructed proper (Fitzalan).
Helm
Helm of a peer
Escutcheon
Quarterly, 1st: Gules on a Bend between six Cross-crosslets fitchy Argent an Escutcheon Or charged with a Demi-lion rampant pierced through the mouth by an arrow within a Double Tressure flory counterflory of the first (Howard); 2nd: Gules three Lions passant gardant in pale Or, Armed and Langued Azure, in chief a Label of three points Argent (Plantagenet of Norfolk); 3rd: Checky Or and Azure (Warenne); 4th: Gules a Lion rampant Or, Armed and Langued Azure (Fitzalan).
Supporters
Dexter a Lion, sinister a Horse both Argent the latter holding in the mouth a Slip of Oak Vert fructed proper.
Motto
Sola Virtus Invicta (Latin for "Virtue alone is unconquered").
Orders
Circlet of the Royal Victorian Order (appointed Knight Grand Cross in 2022).
Often, the coat of arms of the Duke of Norfolk appears with the Garter circlet of the Order of the Garter surrounding the shield, as seen in the arms of the 17th Duke of Norfolk. However, this is not hereditary; the 17th Duke did not become a Knight of the Garter until 22 April 1983. The 18th Duke of Norfolk, as of 2022, had not been appointed to the Order of the Garter.
Other elements
Placed behind the shield are two gold batons in saltire enamelled at the ends in black, which represent the Duke of Norfolk's office as Earl Marshal and Hereditary Marshal of England.
Symbolism
The shield on the bend in the first quarter of the arms was granted as an augmentation of honour by Henry VIII to the 2nd Duke of Norfolk, to commemorate his victory at the Battle of Flodden. It is a modification of the Royal coat of arms of Scotland. Instead of its normal rampant position, the lion is shown cut in half with an arrow through its mouth, commemorating the death of King James IV at the battle.[7]

Estates and residences

The main residences commonly associated with the Dukes of Norfolk are: Framlingham Castle, Bungay Castle, as well as Clun Castle in Shropshire, which are now largely ruins; Worksop Manor, Carlton Towers, Norfolk House in London, and most notably Arundel Castle.

Framlingham Castle was originally a part of the properties of the Earls of Norfolk, but when the title fell from use, the castle was administered by the crown. In 1397, it was given to Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, by King Richard II. And when the Mowbray line became extinct, it passed eventually to the Howard family. Major repairs to this castle were carried out in 1485 by John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk (second creation). The castle would remain in the Howard family, and thus the Dukes of Norfolk, for a while, but would eventually pass from their possession. In 1553, for example, Framlingham was given to Mary Tudor, sister of King Edward VI.[8]

Bungay Castle, in Bungay, Suffolk, was also originally a part of the properties of the Earls of Norfolk. In 1483, it passed into the possession of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and the family continued to own it, apart from brief periods, until the late 20th century. However, the castle has long been in a state of decay. Consequently, in 1987, the 17th Duke of Norfolk presented the castle to the town, which had already begun its own restoration attempts, along with an endowment for funding towards its preservation. It is now owned and administered by the Castle Trust.[9]

Carlton Towers is in Carlton, North Yorkshire. It is a Victorian gothic country house remodelled by Edward Welby Pugin for the 8th Baron Beaumont. It is the Yorkshire home of the Duke of Norfolk. Though the Duke of Norfolk's family still live in part of the house, it is now largely used for wedding receptions and similar events.

Arundel Castle in West Sussex has been the principal seat of the Dukes of Norfolk and their ancestors for more than 850 years. Built in the 11th century by Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Arundel, the castle was seized by the crown in 1102. Some 50 years later, in 1155, King Henry II, who had added on to the castle, confirmed William d'Aubigny as Earl of Arundel; he was given the honour, title and castle of Arundel. Arundel Castle is still to this day the home of The Duke and Duchess of Norfolk and their children. The Fitzalan Chapel, founded in 1390 by the 4th Earl of Arundel, is located on the western grounds outside the castle, and has been the burial place of the most recent Dukes of Norfolk.[10]

Glossop Hall is an occasional residence of the Dukes, situated in the High Peak District of Derbyshire. As the family became closely connected with Sheffield, the Farm in Glossop became increasingly used, particularly: when Henry Howard lived there in the 1760s; when the 14th Duke enlarged The Farm as an occasional residence; and during the time of the 15th Duke, Henry Granville Fitzalan-Howard, who had an interest in the activities of the city. The Glossop estate was sold by the family in 1925.

London residences

The London residence of the Dukes of Norfolk was Norfolk House at No. 31 St. James’s Square from 1756 until 1938.[11][12] Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk commenced negotiations to sell Norfolk House in 1928, and attempted to sell the house at auction in July 1930; after an opening bid of £100,000, the house was withdrawn after bidding reached £250,000.[13] Norfolk House was eventually sold in November 1937, and demolished in 1938.[11]

Following the family's departure from Norfolk House, in March 1938 The 16th Duke purchased the lease of a new London home, No. 14 Belgrave Square, from William Ward, 3rd Earl of Dudley.[14] During the Second World War 14 Belgrave Square was requisitioned by the British Government in 1942,[15] and was occupied by Ministry of Education, as a temporary headquarters for NATO, and later by the Ministry of Works.[16] Following the conclusion of the War, the house continued to be occupied by the Ministry of Works.

As Earl Marshal, the Duke was responsible for planning and overseeing arrangements for the Coronation of Elizabeth II, and in October 1952 the Ministry of Works temporarily relocated the offices of the staff of the Earl Marshall at No. 13 and 14 Belgrave Square, where the Duke was granted a small personal office at the rear of the building.[17][15]

The Ministry of Works later released No. 14 Belgrave Square from requisition in April 1954.[16] In May 1954 The Daily Telegraph reported that the Duke had decided not to resume his family's occupation of the house, and instead intended to sell the lease of 14 Belgrave Square, which had a remaining term of eighty years at a ground rent of £300.[18]

List of titleholders

Duchess of Norfolk (1397)

Created by Richard II of England (for life)
Name Period Spouse Notes Other titles
Margaret
(c. 1320 – 1399) 		1397–1399 widowed Granddaughter of King Edward I Countess of Norfolk

Dukes of Norfolk (1397)

Created by Richard II of England
# Name Period Spouse Notes Other titles
1 Thomas de Mowbray
(1365–1399) 		1397–1399 Lady Elizabeth FitzAlan Grandson of Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk; exiled by Richard II and stripped of the dukedom Earl of Norfolk
Earl of Nottingham
Baron Mowbray
Baron Segrave
2 John de Mowbray
(1392–1432) 		1425–1432 Lady Katherine Neville Son of the preceding; restored to the dukedom
3 John de Mowbray
(1415–1461) 		1432–1461 Lady Eleanor Bourchier Son of the preceding and an important figure in the Wars of the Roses
4 John de Mowbray
(1444–1476) 		1461–1476 Lady Elizabeth Talbot Son of the preceding; died without heirs male

Dukes (Royal) of Norfolk (1477)

Created by Edward IV
# Name Period Spouse Notes Other titles
1 Richard of Shrewsbury
(1473–1483) 		1477–1483 Anne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk Son of King Edward IV and son-in-law of the 4th Duke of Norfolk Duke of York
Earl of Norfolk
Earl of Nottingham

Dukes of Norfolk (1483)

Created by Richard III of England
# Name Period Spouse Notes Other titles
1 John Howard
(c. 1425 – 1485) 		1483–1485 widowed Grandson of Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, died at the Battle of Bosworth Field, forfeiting the dukedom Baron Mowbray
2 Thomas Howard
(1443–1524) 		1514–1524 Elizabeth Tilney
Agnes Tilney 		Son of the preceding, restored to the dukedom. Great-grandfather of Queen Elizabeth I Earl of Surrey
Baron Mowbray
3 Thomas Howard
(1473–1554) 		1524–1554 Lady Elizabeth Stafford Son of the preceding and uncle of Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, forfeited the dukedom having incurred Henry VIII's disfavour and restored by Mary I
4 Thomas Howard
(1536–1572) 		1554–1572 Lady Mary FitzAlan
Margaret Audley
Elizabeth Leyburne 		Grandson of the preceding, executed for treason against Elizabeth I, forfeiting the dukedom
5 Thomas Howard
(1627–1677) 		1660–1677 unmarried Great-great-grandson of the preceding, restored to the dukedom Earl of Arundel
Earl of Surrey
Earl of Norfolk
Baron Mowbray
Baron Maltravers
Baron Furnivall
6 Henry Howard
(1628–1684) 		1677–1684 Jane Bickerton Brother of the preceding Earl of Arundel
Earl of Surrey
Earl of Norfolk
Earl of Norwich
Baron Mowbray
Baron Maltravers
Baron Furnivall
Baron Howard of Castle Rising
7 Henry Howard
(1655–1701) 		1684–1701 Mary Mordaunt, 7th Baroness Mordaunt Son of the preceding

Baron Mowbray by writ of acceleration on 14 Jan. 1678
8 Thomas Howard
(1683–1732) 		1701–1732 Maria Shireburn Nephew of the preceding
9 Edward Howard
(1685–1777) 		1732–1777 Mary Blount Brother of the preceding
10 Charles Howard
(1720–1786) 		1777–1786 Catherine Brockholes Second cousin of the preceding Earl of Arundel
Earl of Surrey
Earl of Norfolk
Baron Maltravers
11 Charles Howard
(1746–1815) 		1786–1815 Frances Scudamore Son of the preceding
12 Bernard Edward Howard
(1765–1842) 		1815–1842 divorced Third cousin of the preceding
13 Henry Charles Howard
(1791–1856) 		1842–1856 Charlotte Leveson-Gower Son of the preceding
14 Henry Granville Fitzalan-Howard
(1815–1860) 		1856–1860 Augusta Lyons Son of the preceding
15 Henry Fitzalan-Howard
(1847–1917) 		1860–1917 Lady Flora Paulyna Hetty Barbara Abney-Hastings
Gwendolen Constable-Maxwell, 12th Lady Herries of Terregles 		Son of the preceding
16 Bernard Marmaduke Fitzalan-Howard
(1908–1975) 		1917–1975 Lavinia Strutt Son of the preceding Earl of Arundel
Earl of Surrey
Earl of Norfolk
Baron Maltravers
Lord Herries of Terregles
17 Miles Francis Stapleton Fitzalan-Howard
(1915–2002) 		1975–2002 Anne Constable-Maxwell Second cousin once removed of the preceding Earl of Arundel
Earl of Surrey
Earl of Norfolk
Baron Maltravers
Baron Beaumont
Baron Howard of Glossop
18 Edward William Fitzalan-Howard
(b. 1956) 		since 2002 Georgina Gore (m. 1987; div. 2022)
Francesca Herbert (m. 2022) 		Son of the preceding

The heir apparent is the Duke's eldest son, Henry Miles Fitzalan-Howard, styled Earl of Arundel (b. 1987).

Remainder

In 1660, the 23rd Earl of Arundel was restored to the Dukedom of Norfolk with remainder to:

  1. the heirs male of his body (he never married)
  2. the heirs male of his father Henry Howard, the 22nd Earl
    1. Hon. Henry Howard (extinct in 1777)
    2. Hon. Philip Howard (extinct in 1694)
    3. Hon. Charles Howard (extinct in 1815)
    4. Hon. Talbot Howard
    5. Hon. Edward Howard
    6. Hon. Francis Howard
    7. Hon. Bernard Howard (the present line)
    8. Hon. Esme Howard (extinct in 1728)
    9. Hon. John Howard (extinct in 1711)
  3. the heirs male of his grandfather Thomas Howard, 21st Earl
    1. Henry Howard, the 22nd Earl
    2. William Howard, 1st Viscount Stafford (extinct in 1762)
  4. the heirs male of his great-grandfather Philip Howard, 20th Earl, eldest son of the fourth Duke (he had none apart from the 21st Earl)
    1. Thomas Howard, 21st Earl
  5. the heirs male in the line of descent from Thomas Howard, younger half-brother of Philip Howard, 20th Earl
    1. Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk (extinct in 1745)
    2. Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Berkshire (currently extant)
    3. Hon. Henry Howard (extinct in 1616)
    4. Hon. Sir Charles Howard (extinct in 1626)
    5. Hon. Sir Robert Howard (extinct in 1653)
    6. Hon. Sir William Howard
    7. Edward Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Escrick (extinct in 1715)
  6. the heirs male descended from Lord William Howard, younger half-brother of Philip Howard, 20th Earl: (both lines currently extant)
    1. the heirs male in the senior line of descent from Lord William Howard through his elder son Sir Philip Howard, grandfather of the first Earl of Carlisle
    2. the heirs male in the junior line of descent from Lord William Howard through his second son Francis, ancestor of the Howards of Corby Castle, Cumberland, England (the elder line of his descendants holding Corby died out and the castle passed through female-line to Lawson, later Howard-Lawson baronets, of Brough Hall; younger line of Francis Howards' male-line descendants is extant).

In the event all the currently extant lines of descent from the fourth Duke fail in the male line, the Dukedom of Norfolk and its subsidiary titles will become extinct; though there exists a currently extant branch of the Howard dynasty, the Earls of Effingham, in descent from the second Duke, their line was unaccountably omitted from the 1660 remainder.

Succession to the Dukedom

Line of succession (simplified)

Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk (1536–executed 1572, when the dukedom was forfeited)
Saint Philip Howard, 13th Earl of Arundel (1557–1595)
Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Arundel (1585–1646)
Henry Howard, 15th Earl of Arundel (1608–1652)
Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk (1627–1677, succeeded as Earl of Arundel 1652, restored to Dukedom of Norfolk 1660 with the above remainder)

Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk (1628–1684)
Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk (1655–1701)
Lord Thomas Howard (1662–1689)
Thomas Howard, 8th Duke of Norfolk (1683–1732)

Edward Howard, 9th Duke of Norfolk (1686–1777)
Hon. Charles Howard (1630–1713) Henry Charles Howard (d. 1720)
Charles Howard, 10th Duke of Norfolk (1720–1786)
Charles Howard, 11th Duke of Norfolk (1746–1815)
Hon. Bernard Howard (1641–1717) Bernard Howard (1674–1735) Henry Howard (1713–1787)
Bernard Howard, 12th Duke of Norfolk (1765–1842)
Henry Howard, 13th Duke of Norfolk (1791–1856)
Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 14th Duke of Norfolk (1815–1860)
Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 15th Duke of Norfolk (1847–1917)
Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk (1908–1975)

Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Glossop (1818–1883)
Francis Fitzalan-Howard, 2nd Baron Howard of Glossop (1859–1924)
Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Glossop (1885–1972)
Miles Stapleton-Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk (1915–2002)
Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk (b. 1956) (1). Henry Fitzalan-Howard, Earl of Arundel (b. 1987)
(2). Lord Thomas Jack Fitzalan-Howard (b. 1992)
(3). Lord Philip Fitzalan-Howard (b. 1996)
(4). Lord Gerald Bernard Fitzalan-Howard (b. 1962) (5). Arthur Stapleton Desmond Fitzalan-Howard (b. 1991)
Lord Michael Fitzalan-Howard (1916–2007) male issue in line
Lord Martin Fitzalan-Howard (1922–2003) male issue in line
other male issue in line
Edward Charles Howard (1774-1816) Edward Gyles Howard (1805-1840) Edward Henry Howard (1829-1892) cardinal
Lord Henry Howard-Molyneux-Howard (1766–1824) Henry Howard (1802–1875) Stafford Howard (1851–1916) Stafford Vaughan Stepney Howard (1915–1991) Nicholas Stafford Howard (1937–2008) male issue in line
other male issue in line
Robert Mowbray Howard (1854–1928) Henry Ralph Mowbray Howard-Sneyd (1883–1950) Thomas Henry Gavin Howard-Sneyd (1940–2010) male issue in line

Esmé Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Penrith (1863–1939) Barons Howard of Penrith

Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk (1561–1626)
Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Berkshire (1587–1669) Philip Howard (1629–1717) Charles Howard (1681–1707) Philip Howard (1704–1741)
John Howard, 15th Earl of Suffolk, 8th Earl of Berkshire (1739–1820) Earls of Suffolk and Berkshire
Lord William Howard (1563–1640) Philip Howard William Howard
Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle (1628–1685) Earls of Carlisle
Francis Howard (1588–1660) William Howard (d. 1708) Thomas Howard (d. 1740) Philip Howard (1730–1810) Henry Howard (1757–1842) Henry Francis Howard (1809–1898) Henry Howard (1843–1921) George Howard (1869–1919) Henry Howard (1907–1955) male issue in line
Henry Mowbray Howard (1873–1953) Henry Edmund Howard (1923–1999) male issue in line[19]

Knights of the Garter

The following list is of the dukes of Norfolk, along with their year of investiture, who were also knights of the Order of the Garter across all creations of the title.

Family trees

  • v
    t
    e
    Family tree of the Dukes of Norfolk and Suke of Surrey; Earls of Arundel, East Anglia, Norfolk, Norwich, Nottingham, and Surrey; and Barons Mowbray, Segrave and Stourton
  • Earl of East Anglia
    (Earls of Norfolk and Suffolk)
    (1st creation), before 1069
  • Ralph the Staller
    c. 1011–1068
    1st Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk, or of the East Angles
    (c. 1066/67–1068)
  • Earl of Surrey (1st creation), c. 1088
  • Ralph de Gael
    c. 1040 – c. 1096
    2nd Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk, or of the East Angles (until 1074) — Roger Bigod of Norfolk
    d. 1107 — William de Warenne
    c. 1035–1088
    1st Earl (of) Warenne / Earl of Surrey, Lord of Lewes, Seigneur de Varennes
  • Earldom forfeit, 1074
  • Earl of Norfolk (2nd creation), 1141
  • King Henry I
    c. 1068–1135 — Maud Bigod — Hugh Bigod
    1095–1177
    1st Earl of Norfolk (1141–1177) — William de Warenne
    d. 1138
    2nd Earl (of) Warenne / Earl of Surrey
  • Earl of Arundel, Earl of Sussex (1st creations), c. 1138
  • Empress Matilda
    c. 1102–1167 — Geoffrey Plantagenet
    1113–1251
    Count of Anjou — Adeliza of Louvain
    c. 1103–1151 — William d'Aubigny
    c. 1109–1176
    1st Earl of Arundel, Earl of Sussex, Earl of Lincoln — William de Warenne
    1119–1148
    3rd Earl of Surrey
  • King Henry II
    1133–1189 — William d'Aubigny
    b. c. 1138/1150–1176
    2nd Earl of Arundel, Earl of Sussex — Roger Bigod
    c. 1144/1150–1221
    2nd Earl of Norfolk (1189–1221, disputed 1177–1189) — William of Blois
    c. 1137–1159 — Isabel de Warenne
    c. 1130 – 1203
    4th Countess of Surrey suo jure — Hamelin de Warenne
    c. 1130–1202
    Comte de Warenne / Earl of Surrey, jure uxoris
  • King John
    1166/1167–1216 — William d'Aubigny
    before 1180–1221
    3rd Earl of Arundel, Earl of Sussex — Hugh Bigod
    1186–1225
    3rd Earl of Norfolk (1221–1225) — Maud Marshal
    1192–1248 — William de Warenne
    c. 1160s/1170s–1240
    5th Earl of Surrey
  • William d'Aubigny
    c. 1203–before 1224
    4th Earl of Arundel, Earl of Sussex — Hugh d'Aubigny
    d. 1243
    5th Earl of Arundel, Earl of Sussex — Isabel d'Aubigny — John Fitzalan
    1200–1240
    3rd Lord of Clun and Oswestry — Roger Bigod
    c. 1209–1270
    4th Earl of Norfolk (1233–1270) — Hugh Bigod
    c. 1211–1266
  • King Henry III
    1207–1272 — John Fitzalan
    1223–1267
    6th Earl of Arundel, Earl of Sussex, jure matris — John de Warenne
    1231–1304
    6th Earl of Surrey
  • Baron Segrave of Se(a)grave, 1283
  • Nicholas Segrave
    c. 1238–bef. 1295
    1st Baron Segrave — King Edward I
    1239–1307 — Edmund Crouchback
    1245–1296
    Earl of Lancaster — John Fitzalan
    1246–1272
    7th Earl of Arundel, Earl of Sussex, jure matris — Roger Bigod
    c. 1245–1306
    5th Earl of Norfolk (1270–1306)
  • Earldom extinct, 1270
  • Baron Mowbray, 1283 — Earl of Arundel (2nd (1st by writ) creation), 1289
  • John Segrave
    c. 1256–1325
    2nd Baron Segrave — Roger de Mowbray
    1254–1297
    1st Baron Mowbray — Richard Fitzalan
    1267–1302
    1st (or 6th) Earl of Arundel — William de Warenne
    1256–1286
  • Earl of Norfolk (3rd creation), 1312
  • Stephen Segrave
    d. 1325
    3rd Baron Segrave — Thomas of Brotherton
    1300–1338
    1st Earl of Norfolk (1312–1338) — John Mowbray
    1286–1322
    2nd Baron Mowbray — Henry
    c. 1281–1345
    Earl of Leicester, Earl of Lancaster — Edmund Fitzalan
    1286–1326
    2nd (or 7th) Earl of Arundel — Alice de Warenne
    1287–1388
    heir apparent to the Earldom of Surrey — John de Warenne
    1286–1347
    7th Earl of Surrey
  • Earldom of Arundel (2nd creation) forfeit, 1326
  • Earldom of Arundel (2nd creation) restored, 1331
  • John Segrave
    1315–1353
    4th Baron Segrave — Margaret of Brotherton
    1320–1399
    2nd Countess of Norfolk (1338–1399), Duchess of Norfolk "for life" (1397–1399) — John Mowbray
    1310–1361
    3rd Baron Mowbray — Joan of Lancaster
    c. 1312–1349 — Eleanor of Lancaster
    1318–1372 — Richard FitzAlan
    c. 1313–1376
    3rd (or 8th) Earl of Arundel, 8th Earl of Surrey
  • Baron Arundel, 1377
  • Elizabeth de Segrave
    1338–1368
    5th Baroness Segrave — John de Mowbray
    1340–1368
    4th Baron Mowbray — Richard FitzAlan
    1346–1397
    4th (or 9th) Earl of Arundel, 9th Earl of Surrey — John FitzAlan
    c. 1348–1379
    1st Baron Arundel — Alice FitzAlan
  • Earldom of Arundel (2nd creation) forfeit, 1397
  • Earl of Nottingham (1st creation), 1377 — Earl of Nottingham (2nd creation), 1383
    Duke of Norfolk (1st creation), 1397     — Duke of Surrey, 1397
  • John de Mowbray
    1365–1383
    1st Earl of Nottingham, 6th Baron Segrave, 5th Baron Mowbray — Thomas de Mowbray
    1366–1399
    1st Duke of Norfolk (1397–1399), 3rd Earl of Norfolk (1399), 7th Baron Segrave, 6th Baron Mowbray — Elizabeth Fitzalan
    1366–1425 — John FitzAlan
    1364–1390
    2nd Baron Arundel — Thomas Holland
    1372–1400
    Duke of Surrey, Earl of Kent, Baron Holland
  • Earldom of Nottingham extinct, 1383 — Titles forfeit, 1399 — Dukedom of Surrey renounced, 1400
  • Baron Stourton, 1448 — Duke of Norfolk (1st creation restored), 1425 — Earldom of Arundel (2nd creation) restored, 1400
  • John Stourton
    1400–1462
    1st Baron Stourton (1448–1462) — Thomas de Mowbray
    1385–1405
    4th Earl of Norfolk, 8th Baron Segrave, 7th Baron Mowbray (1399–1405) — John de Mowbray
    1392–1432
    2nd Duke of Norfolk (1425–1432), 5th Earl of Norfolk, 9th Baron Segrave, 8th Baron Mowbray (1405–1432) — Margaret de Mowbray
    c. 1388–1459 — Robert Howard
    1385–1436 — Isabel de Mowbray
    c. 1400–1452 — Thomas FitzAlan
    1381–1415
    5th (or 10th) Earl of Arundel, 10th Earl of Surrey — John Fitzalan
    1385–1421
    6th (or 11th) Earl of Arundel, 3rd Baron Arundel, 3rd Baron Maltravers
  • Duke of Norfolk (4th creation), 1483
  • William Stourton
    before 1426–1478
    2nd Baron Stourton (1462–1478) — John de Mowbray
    1415–1461
    3rd Duke of Norfolk, 6th Earl of Norfolk, 10th Baron Segrave, 9th Baron Mowbray (1432–1461) — John Howard
    1425–1485
    1st Duke of Norfolk, 13th Baron Segrave, 12th Baron Mowbray (1483–1485) — John Fitzalan
    1408–1435
    7th (or 12th) Earl of Arundel, 4th Baron Arundel, 4th Baron Maltravers — William Fitzalan
    1417–1487
    9th (or 14th) Earl of Arundel, 6th Baron Arundel, 6th Baron Maltravers
  • Titles forfeit, 1485
  • Earl of Surrey (2nd creation), 1451 — Duke of Norfolk (4th creation) restored and Earl of Surrey, 1514
  • John Stourton
    c. 1454–1485
    3rd Baron Stourton (1479–1485) — William Stourton
    c. 1457–1524
    5th Baron Stourton (1487–1524) — John de Mowbray
    1444–1476
    4th Duke of Norfolk, 7th Earl of Norfolk, Earl of Surrey, 11th Baron Segrave, 10th Baron Mowbray (1461–1476) — King Edward IV
    1442–1483 — Thomas Howard
    1443–1524
    2nd Duke of Norfolk, 1st Earl of Surrey (1514–1524) — Humfrey Fitzalan
    1429–1438
    8th (or 13th) Earl of Arundel, 5th Baron Arundel, 5th Baron Maltravers — Thomas Fitzalan
    1450–1524
    10th (or 15th) Earl of Arundel, 7th Baron Arundel, 7th Baron Maltravers
  • Dukedom of Norfolk, Earldom of Nottingham, Earldom of Surrey extinct, 1476
  • Duke of Norfolk (3rd creation), Earl of Nottingham (3rd creation), and Earl of Surrey, 1477
  • Francis Stourton
    1485–1487
    4th Baron Stourton (1485–1487) — Edward Stourton
    1463–1535
    6th Baron Stourton (1524–1535) — Anne de Mowbray
    1472–1481
    8th Countess of Norfolk, 12th Baroness Segrave, 11th Baroness Mowbray (1476–1481) — Richard of Shrewsbury
    1473–1483
    Duke of York, Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Nottingham, Earl of Warenne (1477–1483) — Anne of York
    1475–1511 — Thomas Howard
    1473–1554
    3rd Duke of Norfolk, 2nd Earl of Surrey (1524–1554) — Edmund Howard
    c. 1478–1539 — Elizabeth Boleyn
    c. 1480–1538 — William Fitzalan
    1476–1544
    11th (or 16th) Earl of Arundel, 8th Baron Arundel, 8th Baron Maltravers
  • Earldom of Norfolk extinct and Baronies Segrave and Mowbray in abeyance, 1481 — Dukedom of Norfolk, Earldom of Nottingham, Earldom of Surrey extinct, 1483 — Attainted, 1547
    Restored, 1553
  • William Stourton
    c. 1505–1548
    7th Baron Stourton — Earl of Nottingham (5th creation), 1525 — King Henry VIII
    1491–1547 — Anne Boleyn
    c. 1501 or 1507–1536
  • Viscount Howard of Bindon, 1559
  • Charles Stourton
    c. 1520–1557
    8th Baron Stourton — Henry Howard
    1517–1547
    styled Earl of Surrey — Thomas Howard
    c. 1520–1582
    1st Viscount Howard of Bindon — Mary FitzRoy
    1519–1557 — Henry FitzRoy
    1519–1536
    Duke of Richmond and Somerset, Earl of Nottingham — Catherine Howard
    c. 1524–1542 — Henry Fitzalan
    1512–1580
    12th (or 17th) Earl of Arundel, 9th Baron Arundel, 9th Baron Maltravers
  • Earldom of Nottingham extinct, 1536
  • Thomas Howard
    1536–1572
    4th Duke of Norfolk, 3rd Earl of Surrey, 13th Baron Mowbray (1554–1572) — Henry Howard
    1540–1614
    Earl of Northampton — Queen Elizabeth I
    1533–1603 — Mary FitzAlan
    1540–1557
  • Dukedom (3rd creation) forfeit, 1572
  • Earl of Arundel (3rd creation), 1580 — Earl of Suffolk (4th creation), 1603
  • John Stourton
    1553–1588
    9th Baron Stourton — Edward Stourton
    c. 1555–1633
    10th Baron Stourton — Philip Howard
    1557–1595
    20th/13th/1st Earl of Arundel, styled Earl of Surrey — Thomas Howard
    1561–1626
    Earl of Suffolk — Lord William Howard
    1563–1640
  • Earldom of Arundel and Barony of Mowbray attainted, 1589 — see Earls, Marquesses, and Dukes of Suffolk family tree
  • Earl of Arundel (3rd creation) and Barony of Mowbray restored, 1604
    Earl of Norfolk (5th creation), 1644
  • William Stourton
    c. 1594–1672
    11th Baron Stourton — Thomas Howard
    1585–1646
    21st/14th/2nd Earl of Arundel, 2nd/4th Earl of Surrey, 1st Earl of Norfolk, 14th Baron Mowbray (1644–1646) — Philip
  • see Earls of Shrewsbury family tree
  • Edward Stourton
    1617–1644 — Henry Frederick Howard
    1608–1652
    22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 3rd/5th Earl of Surrey, 2nd Earl of Norfolk, 15th Baron Mowbray (1646–1652) — Alethea Howard
    1585–1654
    17th Baroness Strange of Blackmere, 14th Baroness Talbot, 13th Baroness Furnivall — William Howard
    1614–1680
    1st Viscount Stafford — William
  • Duke of Norfolk (4th creation restored), 1660 — Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 1669
    Earl of Norwich (3rd creation), 1672
  • William Stourton
    d. 1685
    12th Baron Stourton — Thomas Howard
    1627–1677
    5th Duke of Norfolk, 21st/14th/2nd Earl of Arundel, 4th/6th Earl of Surrey, 16th Baron Mowbray (1660–1677)
    18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall (1654–1677) — Henry Howard
    1628–1684
    6th Duke of Norfolk, 22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 5th/7th Earl of Surrey, 1st Earl of Norwich, etc.
    18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 17th Baron Mowbray, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall     (1672–1684) — Charles Howard
    1630–1713 — Col. Bernard Howard
    1641–1717 — Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle

    Earls of Carlisle
  • Edward Stourton
    1665–1720
    13th Baron Stourton — Thomas Stourton
    1667–1744
    14th Baron Stourton — Charles Stourton
    1669–1739 — Henry Howard
    1655–1701
    7th Duke of Norfolk, 22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 5th/7th Earl of Surrey, 2nd Earl of Norwich, etc.
    18th Baron Mowbray, 19th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall     (1684–1701) — Lord Thomas Howard
    1662–1689 — Henry Charles Howard
    d. 1720
  • Thomas Howard
    1683–1732
    8th Duke of Norfolk, 23rd/16th/4th Earl of Arundel, 6th/8th Earl of Surrey, 3rd Earl of Norwich, etc.
    18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall, 19th Baron Mowbray     (1701–1732) — Edward Howard
    1685–1777
    9th Duke of Norfolk, 24th/17th/5th Earl of Arundel, 7th/9th Earl of Surrey, 4th Earl of Norwich, etc.
    20th Baron Mowbray, 20th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall     (1732–1777) — Philip Howard
    1688–1750 — Bernard Howard
    1674–1735
  • Earldom of Norwich (3rd creation) and Barony of Howard of Castle Rising extinct and Baronies of Furnivall, Mowbray, Segrave, Strange of Blackmere, and Talbot abeyant, 1777
  • Charles Stourton
    1702–1753
    15th Baron Stourton — William Stourton
    1704–1781
    16th Baron Stourton — Winifred Howard
    1726–1753 — Anne Howard
    1742–1787 — Charles Howard
    1720–1786
    10th Duke of Norfolk, 25th/18th/6th Earl of Arundel, 8th/10th Earl of Surrey (1777–1786) — Henry Howard
    1713–1787
  • Charles Philip Stourton
    1752–1816
    17th Baron Stourton — Charles Howard
    1746–1815
    11th Duke of Norfolk, 26th/19th/7th Earl of Arundel, 9th/11th Earl of Surrey (1786–1815)
  • William Stourton
    1776–1846
    18th Baron Stourton — Bernard Howard
    1765–1842
    12th Duke of Norfolk, 27th/20th/8th Earl of Arundel, 10th/12th Earl of Surrey (1815–1842)
  • Charles Stourton
    1802–1872
    19th Baron Stourton — Henry Howard
    1791–1856
    13th Duke of Norfolk, 28th/21st/9th Earl of Arundel, 11th/13th Earl of Surrey (1842–1856)
  • Baron Mowbray and Baron Segrave abeayance restored, 1878 — Baron Howard of Glossop
  • Alfred Joseph Stourton
    1829–1893
    24th Baron Segrave, 21st/23rd Baron Mowbray, 20th Baron Stourton — Henry Granville Fitzalan-Howard
    1815–1860
    14th Duke of Norfolk, 29th/22nd/10th Earl of Arundel, 12th/14th Earl of Surrey (1856–1860) — Edward George Fitzalan-Howard
    1818–1883
    1st Baron Howard of Glossop
  • Charles Botolph Joseph Stourton
    1867–1936
    25th Baron Segrave, 22nd/24th Baron Mowbray, 21st Baron Stourton — Henry Fitzalan-Howard
    1847–1917
    15th Duke of Norfolk, 30th/23rd/11th Earl of Arundel, 13th/15th Earl of Surrey, Lord Maltravers, Earl of Arundel and Surrey (1860–1917) — Francis Fitzalan-Howard
    1859–1924
    2nd Baron Howard of Glossop
  • William Marmaduke Stourton
    1895–1965
    26th Baron Segrave, 23rd/25th Baron Mowbray, 22nd Baron Stourton — Bernard Fitzalan-Howard
    1908–1975
    16th Duke of Norfolk, 31st/24th/12th Earl of Arundel, 14th/16th Earl of Surrey (1917–1975) — Bernard Fitzalan-Howard
    1885–1972
    3rd Baron Howard of Glossop
  • Charles Edward Stourton
    1923–2006
    27th Baron Segrave, 24th/26th Baron Mowbray, 23rd Baron Stourton — Miles Fitzalan-Howard
    1915–2002
    17th Duke of Norfolk, 32nd/25th/13th Earl of Arundel, 15th/17th Earl of Surrey, 4th Baron Howard of Glossop (1975–2002)
  • Edward William Stephen Stourton
    1953–2021
    28th Baron Segrave, 25th/27th Baron Mowbray, 24th Baron Stourton — Edward Fitzalan-Howard
    b. 1956
    18th Duke of Norfolk, 33rd/26th/14th Earl of Arundel, 16th/18th Earl of Surrey, 5th Baron Howard of Glossop (from 2002)
  • James Charles Peter Stourton
    b. 1991
    29th Baron Segrave, 26th/28th Baron Mowbray, 25th Baron Stourton — Henry Fitzalan-Howard
    b. 1987
    styled Earl of Arundel and Surrey
  • v
    t
    e
    Family tree of British royal dukes
  • Includes dukes of: Albany, Albemarle, Bedford, Cambridge, Clarence, Connaught and Strathearn, Cumberland, Edinburgh, Gloucester, Gloucester and Edinburgh, Hereford, Kent, Kintyre and Lorne, Norfolk, Ross, Somerset, Sussex, Windsor, and York, but only when royally.
    Non-royal dukes are not included; see Royal dukedoms in the United Kingdom.
    Also not included are titles mandated for use by the heir apparent (Duke of Rothesay and the 1337 creation of the Duke of Cornwall), see Princes of Wales family tree.
  • King Robert II
    1316–1390 — King Edward III
    1312–1377
  • Duke of Albany (1st creation), 1398 — Duke of Clarence (1st creation), 1362 — Duke of York (1st creation), 1385
  • King Robert III
    c. 1337–1406 — Robert Stewart
    c. 1340–1420
    1st Duke of Albany — Edward the Black Prince
    1330–1376 — Lionel of Antwerp
    1338–1368
    Duke of Clarence — John of Gaunt
    1340–1399 — Edmund
    1341–1402
    1st Duke of York
  • Dukedom of Clarence (1st creation) extinct, 1368
  • Duke of Cornwall (2nd creation), 1376 — Duke of Hereford, 1397 — Duke of Gloucester (1st creation), 1385
  • Murdoch Stewart
    c. 1362–1425
    2nd Duke of Albany — Richard of Bordeaux
    1367–1400
    Duke of Cornwall, later King Richard II — Henry Bolingbroke
    1367–1413
    Duke of Hereford, later King Henry IV — Thomas of Woodstock
    1355–1397
    Duke of Gloucester
  • Dukedom of Albany (1st creation) forfeit, 1425 — Dukedom of Cornwall (2nd creation) merged in the crown, 1377 — Dukedom of Hereford merged in the crown, 1399 — Dukedom of Gloucester (1st creation) extinct, 1397
  • Duke of Clarence (2nd creation), 1412 — Duke of Bedford (1st & 2nd creations), 1414 — Duke of Gloucester (2nd creation), 1414 — Duke of Albemarle (Aumale) (1st creation), 1397
  • Thomas of Lancaster
    1387–1421
    Duke of Clarence — John of Lancaster
    1389–1435
    Duke of Bedford
    Surrendered dukedom and then regranted, 1433 — Humphrey of Lancaster
    1390–1447
    Duke of Gloucester — John Beaufort
    1373–1410 — Joan Beaufort
    c. 1379–1440 — Edward of Norwich
    c. 1373–1415
    Duke of Aumale, 2nd Duke of York — Richard of Conisburgh
    1385–1415
  • Dukedom of Clarence (2nd creation) extinct, 1421 — Dukedom of Bedford (2nd creation) extinct, 1435 — Dukedom of Gloucester (2nd creation) extinct, 1447 — Dukedom of Albemarle (Aumale) (1st creation) forfeit, 1399
  • Duke of York (1st creation) restored, 1425
    Duke of Cornwall (3rd creation), 1460
  • King James I
    1394–1437 — Joan Beaufort
    c. 1404–1445 — Owen Tudor
    c. 1400–1461 — John Beaufort
    1404–1444 — Richard Neville
    1400–1460 — Cecily Neville
    1415–1495 — Richard of York
    1411–1460
    3rd Duke of York, Duke of Cornwall
  • Duke of Cornwall (3rd creation) extinct, 1460
  • Duke of Bedford (5th creation), 1485 — Duke of Clarence (3rd creation), 1461 — Duke of Gloucester (3rd creation), 1461
  • King James II
    1430–1460 — Jasper Tudor
    c. 1431–1495
    Duke of Bedford — Edmund Tudor
    c. 1430–1456 — Lady Margaret Beaufort
    1443–1509 — John Neville
    c. 1431–1471 — Elizabeth Woodville
    c. 1437–1492 — Edward
    1442–1483
    4th Duke of York, later King Edward IV — George Plantagenet
    1449–1478
    Duke of Clarence — Richard of York
    1452–1485
    Duke of Gloucester, later King Richard III
  • Dukedom of Bedford (5th creation) extinct, 1495 — Dukedom of York (1st creation) merged in the Crown, 1461 — Dukedom of Clarence (3rd creation) forfeit, 1478 — Dukedom of Gloucester (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 1483
  • Duke of Albany (2nd creation), 1458 — Duke of Bedford (3rd creation), 1470 — Duke of York (2nd creation), 1474
    Duke of Norfolk (3rd creation), 1477     — Duke of Bedford (4th creation), 1478
  • Alexander Stewart
    c. 1454–1485
    1st Duke of Albany — King James III
    1451/1452–1488 — George Neville
    1457–1483
    Duke of Bedford — King Henry VII
    1457–1509 — Elizabeth of York
    1466–1503 — Richard of Shrewsbury
    1473–1483
    Duke of York, Duke of Norfolk — George of York
    1477–1479
    Duke of Bedford
  • Dukedom of Bedford (3rd creation) forfeit, 1478 — Dukedom of York (2nd creation) and Dukedom of Norfolk (3rd creation) extinct, 1483 — Dukedom of Bedford (4th creation) extinct, 1479
  • Duke of Ross (1st creation), 1488 — Duke of York (3rd creation), 1494 — Duke of Somerset (3rd creation), 1499
  • John Stewart
    1482–1536
    2nd Duke of Albany — James Stewart
    1476–1504
    Duke of Ross — King James IV
    1473–1513 — Margaret Tudor
    1489–1541 — Henry
    1491–1547
    Duke of York, later King Henry VIII — Edmund Tudor
    1499–1500
    Duke of Somerset (nominated but probably not invested)
  • Dukedom of Albany (2nd creation) extinct, 1536 — Dukedom of Ross (1st creation) extinct, 1504 — Dukedom of York (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 1509 — Dukedom of Somerset (3rd creation) extinct, 1500
  • Duke of Ross (2nd creation), 1514
  • King James V
    1512–1542 — Alexander Stewart
    1514–1515
    Duke of Ross
  • Duke of Albany (3rd creation), 1565 — Dukedom of Ross (2nd creation) extinct, 1515
  • Henry Stuart
    1546–1567
    1st Duke of Albany — Queen Mary
    1542–1587
  • James
    1566–1625
    2nd Duke of Albany, later King James VI & I
  • Dukedom of Albany (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 1567
  • Duke of Albany (4th creation), 1604
    Duke of York (4th creation), 1605     — Duke of Kintyre and Lorne, 1602
  • Elizabeth Stuart
    1596–1662 — Henry Frederick
    1594–1612 — Charles
    1600–1649
    Duke of Albany, Duke of York, later King Charles I — Robert Stuart
    1602
    Duke of Kintyre and Lorne
  • Dukedom of Albany (4th creation), Dukedom of York (4th creation) merged in the Crown, 1625 — Dukedom of Kintyre and Lorne extinct, 1602
  • Duke of York (5th creation) 1644
    Duke of Albany (5th creation), 1660     — Duke of Gloucester (4th creation), 1659
  • Sophia of Hanover
    1630–1714 — James Stuart
    1633–1701
    Duke of York, Duke of Albany, later King James VII & II — Henry
    1640–1660
    Duke of Gloucester
  • Dukedom of Albany (5th creation) and Dukedom of York (5th creation) merged in the Crown, 1685 — Dukedom of Gloucester (4th creation) extinct, 1660
  • Duke of York and Albany (1st creation), 1716 — Duke of Cambridge (1st creation), 1664 — Duke of Kendal (1st creation), 1666 — Duke of Cambridge (2nd creation), 1667
  • King George I
    1660–1727 — Ernest Augustus
    1674–1728
    Duke of York and Albany — Charles Stuart
    1660–1661
    styled Duke of Cambridge — James Stuart
    1663–1667
    Duke of Cambridge — Queen Anne
    1665–1714 — Charles Stuart
    1666–1667
    designated Duke of Kendal — Edgar Stuart
    1667–1671
    Duke of Cambridge — Charles Stuart
    1677
    styled Duke of Cambridge
  • Dukedom of York and Albany (1st creation) extinct, 1728 — Dukedom of Cambridge (1st creation) extinct, 1667 — Dukedom of Kendal (1st creation), extinct, 1667 — Dukedom of Cambridge (2nd creation) extinct, 1671
  • Duke of Cambridge (3rd creation)
  • George
    1683–1760
    Duke of Cambridge, later King George II — William
    1689–1700
    styled Duke of Gloucester
  • Dukedom of Cambridge (3rd creation) merged with the Crown, 1727
  • Duke of Edinburgh (1st creation), 1726 — Duke of Cumberland (3rd creation), 1726
  • Frederick
    1707–1751
    1st Duke of Edinburgh, styled Duke of Gloucester until created Duke of Edinburgh — William Augustus
    1721–1765
    Duke of Cumberland
  • Dukedom of Cumberland (3rd creation) extinct, 1765
  • Duke of York and Albany (2nd creation), 1760 — Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh, 1764 — Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn, 1766
  • George
    1738–1820
    2nd Duke of Edinburgh, later King George III — Edward
    1739–1767
    Duke of York and Albany — William Henry
    1743–1805
    1st Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh — Henry
    1745–1790
    Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn
  • Dukedom of Edinburgh (1st creation), merged in the Crown, 1760 — Dukedom of York and Albany (2nd creation) extinct, 1767 — Dukedom of Cumberland and Strathearn extinct, 1790
  • Duke of York and Albany (3rd creation), 1784 — Duke of Clarence and St Andrews, 1789 — Duke of Kent and Strathearn, 1799 — Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, 1799 — Duke of Sussex (1st creation), 1801 — Duke of Cambridge (4th creation), 1801
  • Frederick
    1763–1827
    Duke of York and Albany — William Henry
    1765–1837, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews, later King William IV — Edward
    1767–1820
    Duke of Kent and Strathearn — Ernest Augustus
    1771–1851
    King of Hanover, 1st Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale — Augustus Frederick
    1773–1843
    Duke of Sussex — Adolphus
    1774–1850
    1st Duke of Cambridge — Mary
    1776–1857 — William Frederick
    1776–1834
    2nd Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh
  • Dukedom of York and Albany (3rd creation) extinct, 1827 — Dukedom of Clarence and St Andrews merged in the Crown, 1830 — Dukedom of Kent and Strathearn extinct, 1820 — Dukedom of Sussex (1st creation) extinct, 1843 — Dukedom of Gloucester and Edinburgh extinct, 1834
  • Queen Victoria
    1819–1901 — George V
    1819–1878
    King of Hanover, 2nd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale — George
    1819–1904
    2nd Duke of Cambridge — Mary Adelaide
    1833–1897
  • Dukedom of Cambridge (4th creation) extinct, 1904
  • Duke of Edinburgh (2nd creation), 1866 — Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, 1874 — Duke of Albany (6th creation), 1881
  • King Edward VII
    1841–1910 — Ernest Augustus
    1845–1923
    3rd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale — Alice
    1843–1878 — Alfred Ernest Albert
    1844–1900
    Duke of Edinburgh — Arthur
    1850–1942
    1st Duke of Connaught and Strathearn — Leopold
    1853–1884
    1st Duke of Albany
  • Dukedom of Cumberland and Teviotdale forfeit, 1919 — Dukedom of Edinburgh (2nd creation) extinct, 1900
  • Duke of Clarence and Avondale, 1890 — Duke of York (6th creation), 1892
  • Albert Victor
    1864–1892
    Duke of Clarence and Avondale — George
    1865–1936
    Duke of York, later King George V — Mary of Teck
    1867–1953 — Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine
    1863–1950 — Arthur of Connaught
    1883–1938
  • Dukedom of Clarence and Avondale extinct, 1892 — Dukedom of York (6th creation) merged in the Crown, 1910
  • Duke of Windsor, 1937 — Duke of York (7th creation), 1920 — Duke of Kent (2nd creation), 1934 — Duke of Gloucester (5th creation), 1928
  • King Edward VIII
    1894–1972
    Later Duke of Windsor — Albert
    1895–1952
    Duke of York, later King George VI — Alice of Battenberg
    1885–1969 — George
    1902–1942
    1st Duke of Kent — Henry
    1900–1974
    1st Duke of Gloucester — Alastair Arthur
    1914–1943
    2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn — Charles Edward
    1884–1954
    2nd Duke of Albany
  • Dukedom of Windsor extinct, 1972 — Dukedom of York (7th creation) merged in the Crown, 1936 — Dukedom of Connaught and Strathearn extinct, 1943 — Dukedom of Albany (6th creation) forfeit, 1919
  • Duke of Edinburgh (3rd creation), 1947
  • Queen Elizabeth II
    1926–2022 — Philip
    1921–2021
    1st Duke of Edinburgh — Edward
    b. 1935
    2nd Duke of Kent
  • Duke of York (8th creation), 1986 (revoked 2025) — Duke of Edinburgh (4th creation), 2023
  • Charles
    b. 1948
    2nd Duke of Edinburgh, later King Charles III — Andrew
    b. 1960
    Duke of York — Edward
    b. 1964
    Duke of Edinburgh — George Windsor
    b. 1962 — Richard
    b. 1944
    2nd Duke of Gloucester
  • Dukedom of Edinburgh (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 2022 — No male heirs — Dukedom of Edinburgh (4th creation) is a life peerage and therefore not hereditary — Heir apparent to the Dukedom of Kent
  • Duke of Cambridge (5th creation), 2011 — Duke of Sussex (2nd creation), 2018
  • William
    b. 1982
    Duke of Cambridge — Harry
    b. 1984
    Duke of Sussex — Edward Windsor
    b. 1988 — Alexander Windsor
    b. 1974
  • Heir-apparent to the Dukedom of Gloucester
  • George of Wales
    b. 2013 — Archie of Sussex
    b. 2019
  • Heir apparent to the Dukedom of Cambridge — Heir apparent to the Dukedom of Sussex

See also

References

  1. Back to citation "Ranks and Privileges of the Peerage". Debrett's. Retrieved 11 January 2025.
  2. Back to citation C. Given-Wilson, 'Mowbray, Thomas (I), first duke of Norfolk (1366–1399)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004
  3. Back to citation "No. 20095". The London Gazette. 29 April 1842. p. 1170.
  4. Back to citation Mosley, Charles (ed.) Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, volume 2. Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003. Page 2821.
  5. Back to citation Dod's Parliamentary Companion. Vacher Dod Publishing, Limited. 2004. p. 666.
  6. Back to citation The great landowners of Great Britain and Ireland
  7. Back to citation Brooke-Little, J.P., FSA (1978) [1950]. Boutell's Heraldry (Revised ed.). London: Frederick Warne LTD. p. 125. ISBN 0-7232-2096-4.
  8. Back to citation "www.castles-abbeys.co.uk". castles-abbeys.co.uk.
  9. Back to citation "Bungay Suffolk Town Guide". Bungay-suffolk.co.uk. Archived from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
  10. Back to citation "Arundel Castle". Arundel Castle. Archived from the original on 20 June 2010. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
  11. Back to citation occurrence 11.0 Back to citation occurrence 11.1 Sykes, Christopher Simon (1986). Private Palaces: Life in the Great London Houses. New York: Viking. pp. 48, 76–77, 330. Retrieved 15 April 2026 – via Internet Archive.
  12. Back to citation Pearce, David (1986). The Great Houses of London. New York: The Vendome Press. pp. 48, 76–77. Retrieved 15 April 2026 – via Internet Archive.
  13. Back to citation F. H. W. Sheppard, ed. (1960). "St. James's Square: No. 31, Norfolk House". British History Online. London County Council. Retrieved 15 April 2026.
  14. Back to citation The Daily Telegraph. (10 March 1938). Page 18. Duke of Norfolk's New Home. Newspapers.com. Retrieved 15 April 2026, from https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-telegraph-duke-of-norfolks-ne/194544141/
  15. Back to citation occurrence 15.0 Back to citation occurrence 15.1 "Norfolk: He organised the Coronation". The Daily Telegraph. 30 May 1953. p. 19. Retrieved 15 April 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  16. Back to citation occurrence 16.0 Back to citation occurrence 16.1 "A Ducal Town House [14 Belgrave Square]". The Guardian. 23 April 1954. p. 8. Retrieved 15 April 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  17. Back to citation The Guardian. (2 October 1952). Page 1. Preparing for Coronation - The Planners Get to Work. Newspapers.com. Retrieved 15 April 2026, from https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-guardian-preparing-for-coronation/194544768/
  18. Back to citation The Daily Telegraph. (11 May 1954). Page 8. Duke of Norfolk offers lease of 14 Belgrave Square for sale. Newspapers.com. Retrieved 15 April 2026, from https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-telegraph-duke-of-norfolk-offe/194544267/
  19. Back to citation Morris, Susan; Bosberry-Scott, Wendy; Belfield, Gervase, eds. (2019). "Norfolk, Duke of". Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage. Vol. 1 (150th ed.). London: Debrett's Ltd. pp. 3818–3832. ISBN 978-1-999767-0-5-1.

Further reading

  • Robinson, John Martin. The Dukes of Norfolk: A Quincentennial History. Oxford University Press, 1982.
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